ArticleInternational journal of obesity (2005)2026
Long-term effect of sweeteners and sweetness enhancers on gene expression markers of adipose tissue function, adipocyte morphology, and metabolic health: a SWEET substudy.
Article in International journal of obesity (2005), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04226911 (Sweeteners and Sweetness Enhancers), which is not on this map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Sweeteners and Sweetness Enhancers: Prolonged Effects on Health, Obesity and Safety
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11 authors.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND/
objectivesWe investigated the effects of sweeteners and sweetness enhancers (S&SEs) in replacement of sugar on gene expression markers of adipose tissue (AT) function, adipocyte morphology, and metabolic health in adults during weight maintenance (WM) following weight loss (WL). SUBJECTS/
methodsAs part of a randomized controlled trial (European SWEET-project), 83 adults were enrolled in the study, which consists of a dietary intervention, comprising a 2-month WL-phase and a 10-month WM-phase during which participants followed a healthy diet (<10E%-added sugar) with (S&SEs group) or without S&SEs (sugar group). At baseline, after WL, and at the end of WM, we determined body composition, whole-body/tissue-specific insulin sensitivity (oral glucose tolerance test), abdominal subcutaneous adipocyte size and AT gene expression.
resultsWL decreased adipocyte size and improved insulin sensitivity (both P < 0.001), which was accompanied by a significant downregulation of genes involved in adipogenesis (CEBPɑ, P = 0.004), fatty acid uptake (LPL and SREBF1, both P < 0.001), fatty acid synthesis (FASN and SCD, both P < 0.001), intracellular lipolysis (ATGL, P < 0.001; HSL, P = 0.001), leptin (LEP, P < 0.001), and mitochondrial function (CS, P = 0.048) in AT. The S&SEs-group tended to regain less weight than the sugar group during the WM-phase (3.0 ± 1.2 vs. 5.9 ± 1.0 kg, respectively; P = 0.050). During the WM-phase, the S&SEs group showed a less pronounced increase in AT LPL gene expression (P = 0.041), while ABHD5 expression decreased compared to the sugar group (P = 0.036). No group differences in adipocyte size, expression of genes involved adipogenesis/oxidative metabolism/inflammation, the sweet taste receptor TAS1R3 and insulin sensitivity were found.
conclusionsS&SE-intake during a 10-month WM-phase following WL altered AT gene expression of lipolytic markers, without affecting adipocyte morphology and insulin sensitivity in adults with overweight/obesity.
trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT04226911, Sweeteners and Sweetness Enhancers: Prolonged Effects on Health, Obesity and Safety (SWEET).
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Registered trials
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