Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42230660›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2026

Integrated adsorption-ozonation process using activated canna indica biochar for enhanced COD and color removal from real textile effluent.

Vishal Kumar U Shah, Pratima Gajbhiye, Anand Mohan Yadav, Jay B Trivedi, Aparna Singh, Aditee Pandya, Xu Yong, Choon Kit Chan, Saurav Dixit, Anand Patel and 1 more

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Article in Scientific reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Vishal Kumar U ShahChemical Engineering Department, SNPIT, Bardoli, Umrakh, India. vishalshah16286@gmail.com.
Pratima GajbhiyeDepartment of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Physical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India. pratimawadhwani@gmail.com.
Anand Mohan YadavDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Meerut Institute of Engineering & Technology, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Jay B TrivediChemical Engineering Department, Vishwakarma Government Engineering College, 382424, Chandkheda, India.
Aparna SinghEnergy & Chemical Engineering, WA School of mines, Curtin University, Minerals, Perth, Australia.
Aditee PandyaDepartment of Microbiology, School of Sciences, P P Savani University, Kosamba, Surat, 394125, Gujarat, India.
Xu YongSchool of Artificial Intelligence and Smart Manufacturing, Hechi University, Yizhou, Guangxi, China. xuyong@hcnu.edu.cn.
Choon Kit ChanCentre for Sustainable Engineering Solutions, INTI International University, Nilai, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia.
Saurav DixitCentre for Research Impact and Outcome, Chitkara University, , Rajpura, Punjab, 140417, India.
Anand PatelDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, 76205, USA.
Md Irfanul Haque SiddiquiDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, King Saud University, Riyadh 12372, Saudi Arabia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Textile effluent comprises Colors, heavy metals, and other chemicals. Before discharge into waterways, Color and COD should be reduced. This research used Canna Indica biochar adsorption and Ozonation to reduce COD and remove Color. The effects of adsorbent dose, solution pH, contact duration, activating agent, and ozonation rate on COD reduction and Color removal were examined. Potassium hydroxide-treated Canna Indica (KBC) reduced COD by 96.90% at 2.5 g/L, 8 pH, 17 h, and 100 mL/min at ambient conditions, while sodium hydroxide-treated biochar (NBC) removed Color at 2.5 g/L, pH 8.5, 17 h, and 57.5 mL/min. This research found pseudo-second-order biochar adsorption in textile effluent. Chemical sorption was dominant for textile wastewater COD and Color removal. Order of significance: pH > adsorbent dose > contact duration > ozonation rate. KBC and NBC had maximal adsorption capacities of 357.14 mg/g and 333.33 mg/g, respectively. According to the RSM-BBD study, pH was crucial for COD and Color removal via adsorption and ozonation. Ordering R2 isotherms according to significance Langmuir > Temkin > Redlich-Peterson > Freundlich = Halsey > Dubinin-Radushkevich for KBC and NBC. Response Surface Methodology predicts COD and Color reduction. This study presents a novel approach combining real-time textile dye wastewater adsorption using activated Canna indica biochar with ozonation for enhanced treatment efficiency. The novelty of this work lies in the combined optimization of adsorption-ozonation process using RSM-BBD design for simultaneous COD and color removal from real textile wastewater.

Indexed as

AdsorptionBiocharEnergy efficiencyTextile effluentsWastewater treatment

Identifiers

PMID42230660
PMCPMC13469121

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.