ArticleNature communications2026
Ionic liquid as a structure-directing agent for Frank-Kasper phase formation in block copolymers.
Article in Nature communications, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Accessing Frank-Kasper (FK) phases in block copolymers (BCPs) traditionally requires complex molecular designs or polymer blending strategies. In this work, we demonstrate that incorporating the ionic liquid (IL), 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ([EMIM][TFSI]), into a cylinder-forming poly(ethylene oxide)-block-poly(1,2-butadiene) (PEO-b-PB) provides a facile and tunable alternative that significantly expands the phase space for complex spherical micelle packings. A diverse array of structures, including σ, A15, and Laves C15 phases, emerges over broad composition and temperature ranges. Notably, we observe thermotropic A15 → σ → C15 and lyotropic σ → A15 → C15 phase transition sequences. Analysis reveals a dual role for the IL: it enhances the effective Flory-Huggins χ parameter through thermally responsive hydrogen bonding with PEO and, at elevated temperatures, redistributes to induce partially dry-brush segregation and micellar size dispersity. These synergistic effects stabilize the FK lattices, enabling reconfigurable complex spherical assemblies in a simple diblock system.
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