Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42228573›Full record

ArticleCell reports2026

Characterization of a transmembrane-activating STING agonist using genetically humanized mice.

Nobuyo Mizuno, Jinu Abraham, Kevin Jimenez-Perez, Ian Rose, Laura Springgay, Dylan Boehm, Takeshi Ando, Daniel Streblow, Janine Ward, Shannon Miller and 8 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Cell reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

18 authors.

Nobuyo MizunoVaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, OR, USA.
Jinu AbrahamVaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, OR, USA.
Kevin Jimenez-PerezVaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, OR, USA.
Ian RoseVaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, OR, USA.
Laura SpringgayVaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, OR, USA.
Dylan BoehmVaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, OR, USA.
Takeshi AndoVaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, OR, USA.
Daniel StreblowVaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, OR, USA.
Janine WardInimmune Corporation, Missoula, MT, USA.
Shannon MillerInimmune Corporation, Missoula, MT, USA.
Uddav PandeyInimmune Corporation, Missoula, MT, USA.
Ahmad JunaidInimmune Corporation, Missoula, MT, USA.
David JoynerDrexel University College of Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Roshell MuirWake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.
Elias K HaddadDrexel University College of Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
David BurkhartInimmune Corporation, Missoula, MT, USA.
Omer RasheedInimmune Corporation, Missoula, MT, USA.
Victor R DeFilippisVaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, OR, USA. Electronic address: defilipp@ohsu.edu.

Funding

Small-molecule activators of STING-signaling as novel adjuvants for flavivirus vaccines75N93019C00043 · NIAID · OREGON HEALTH & SCIENCE UNIVERSITY · PI NELSON, JAY · 2019 to 2023
$10.7M
Mechanistic Exploration of cGAS-STING-Mediated Vaccine EnhancementR01AI143660 · NIAID · OREGON HEALTH & SCIENCE UNIVERSITY · PI DEFILIPPIS, VICTOR ROBERT · 2019 to 2023
$3.7M
A Self-Adjuvanting Virus Like Particle Vaccine Platform for Emerging VirusesR01AI177293 · NIAID · OREGON HEALTH & SCIENCE UNIVERSITY · PI VICTOR Robert DEFILIPPIS · 2023 to 2026
$3.1M
NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI143660NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI177293NIH HHS 75N93019C00043
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Stimulator of interferon genes (STING) is a pattern recognition receptor that activates type I interferon and proinflammatory responses following cytosolic DNA exposure. Its pharmacologic stimulation enhances vaccine potency and generates anti-tumor responses, but clinical trials evaluating STING agonists have not supported human use. STING activation can occur through the engagement of cytosolic or transmembrane protein domains, processes to which distinct phenotypes are attributed. However, transmembrane agonists are human selective, and conventional in vivo testing is not feasible. We synthesized human-selective STING agonists and describe genetically humanized STING mice as an in vivo model useful for examining these agonists. Experiments suggest that the lead molecule functions through binding to the STING transmembrane region, and its comparison with conventional agonists reveals differences in molecular and immune effects. This work both represents a thorough in vivo immune characterization of the effects of transmembrane STING agonism and demonstrates the efficacy of a potential vaccine adjuvant and oncological therapeutic.

Indexed as

Membrane ProteinsAnimalscGAS-STING Signaling PathwayHumansMiceMice, TransgenicSTING ProteinMembrane ProteinsSTING1 protein, humanSting1 protein, mouseSTING ProteinadjuvantcancerCP: immunologyinnate immunityinterferonvaccine

Identifiers

PMID42228573
PMCPMC13292835

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.