Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42228097›Full record

ArticleJournal of neurology2026

Functional connectivity dynamics of monoaminergic circuits related to fatigue in multiple sclerosis.

Marloes D A Bet, Birgit Helmlinger, Tommy A A Broeders, Stefanie M C Hechenberger, Christian G Tinauer, Stefan Ropele, Frederik Barkhof, Michael Khalil, Christian Enzinger, Linda Douw and 2 more

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Article in Journal of neurology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Marloes D A BetMS Center Amsterdam, Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC Location VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. m.bet@amsterdamumc.nl.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5582-5411
Birgit HelmlingerDepartment of Neurology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
Tommy A A BroedersMS Center Amsterdam, Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC Location VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Stefanie M C HechenbergerDepartment of Neurology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
Christian G TinauerDepartment of Neurology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
Stefan RopeleDepartment of Neurology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
Frederik BarkhofMS Center Amsterdam, Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC Location VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Michael KhalilDepartment of Neurology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
Christian EnzingerDepartment of Neurology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
Linda DouwDepartment of Anatomy and Neurosciences, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Centers Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Menno M Schoonheim *MS Center Amsterdam, Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC Location VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Daniela T Pinter *Department of Neurology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionMonoaminergic neurotransmitters help regulate the interplay between the central nervous system and the immune system. Aberrant monoaminergic functional connectivity is presumably involved in MS-related fatigue, but mechanisms remain unclear.

aimTo investigate how static and dynamic functional connectivity of monoaminergic circuits relate to fatigue in MS.

methods60 healthy controls (HC) and 217 people with MS (pwMS) completed the Fatigue Scale for Motor and Cognitive Functions (FSMC) and underwent functional brain MRI. Brain regions were assigned to resting-state networks. Additionally, PET-derived receptor/transporter density atlases determined assignment to monoaminergic circuits (5-HT

resultsGlobal flexibility was higher in severely fatigued pwMS compared to non-fatigued pwMS (p = 0.025) and HC (p = 0.016). In line, global cohesion was higher in severely fatigued pwMS compared to non-fatigued pwMS (p = 0.022) and HC (p = 0.017). Compared to HC, 5-HT

conclusionFatigued pwMS show more dynamic functional connectivity, both globally and in the inhibitory serotonergic receptor circuit. Unstable global and serotonergic dynamics likely raise energy expenditure in pwMS and therefore may underlie MS-related fatigue.

Indexed as

Biogenic MonoaminesBrainConnectomeFatigueMultiple SclerosisNerve NetAdultFemaleHumansMagnetic Resonance ImagingMaleMiddle AgedNeural PathwaysPositron-Emission TomographyBiogenic MonoaminesFatigueFunctional MRIMonoaminesMultiple sclerosisNetworks

Identifiers

PMID42228097
PMCPMC13230267

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.