Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42226863›Full record

ArticleCureus2026

Inferior ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction Presenting as Isolated Elbow Pain: A Case Report.

Luca Galvagno, Carmelo A Di Franco, Giulia M Evola

Abstract readCase Reports
In one paragraph

Article in Cureus, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Luca GalvagnoEmergency Department, Umberto I Hospital, Enna, ITA.
Carmelo A Di FrancoUrology Department, Umberto I Hospital, Enna, ITA.
Giulia M EvolaEmergency Department, Vittorio Emanuele Hospital, Gela, ITA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Acute coronary syndromes typically present with chest pain; however, atypical presentations without chest discomfort are not uncommon and may pose significant diagnostic challenges. We report the case of a 60-year-old man who presented to the emergency department with isolated left elbow pain, without chest pain or other typical symptoms. Initial evaluation revealed normal vital signs, and the clinical presentation was suggestive of a musculoskeletal condition. Due to persistence of symptoms, further evaluation was performed approximately three hours after presentation to the emergency department. An electrocardiogram was obtained at that time. Electrocardiography demonstrated ST-segment elevation in the inferior leads (II, III, and aVF), consistent with acute myocardial infarction. Laboratory testing subsequently revealed elevated high-sensitivity troponin I (244 ng/L; reference range 0-34.2 ng/L). A diagnosis of inferior ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction was established. The patient was admitted to the coronary care unit for definitive management. Further details regarding coronary angiography and revascularization were not available. Outcome data following hospitalization were not available. This case highlights the diagnostic challenges associated with atypical presentations of myocardial infarction and underscores the importance of maintaining a low threshold for electrocardiographic evaluation, even in the absence of chest pain.

Indexed as

acute coronary syndromeatypical presentationelbow painemergency medicinemyocardial infarctionreferred painstemi

Identifiers

PMID42226863
PMCPMC13222672

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.