ArticleJournal of nanobiotechnology2026
A ferritin-based mosaic-like nanovaccine elicits effective cross-protection against H1N1 and H3N2 swine influenza viruses.
Article in Journal of nanobiotechnology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Swine influenza viruses (SIVs), particularly the H1N1 and H3N2 subtypes, pose ongoing threats to the swine industry and global public health. Current commercial vaccines generally provide limited cross-protection against heterologous viruses due to the frequent antigenic drift and shift in SIVs, highlighting the need for broad-spectrum vaccines. Self-assembling nanoparticles (NPs) can elicit strong and broad immune responses, representing a promising platform for the development of broad-spectrum nanovaccines. In this study, two newly-screened conserved epitopes (H1-3 and H1-5) and (H3-1 and H3-3) in hemagglutinin (HA) of the H1 and H3 subtypes, along with a highly conservative matrix protein 2 ectodomain (M2e), were displayed on ferritin NP in cocktail and mosaic forms, respectively, and were designated MHF-cocktail (MHFc) and MHF-mosaic (MHFm) nanovaccines. Under a prime-boost immunization strategy in a mouse model, the MHFm nanovaccine induced a higher antigen-specific IgG mediated antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) than the MHFc nanovaccine, and significantly enhanced antigen-specific multifunctional CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T cell responses as well as cytotoxic T-cell activity. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent spot proliferation assays indicated that splenic lymphocytes generated following vaccination with the MHFm nanovaccine exhibited enhanced proliferative capacity and secreted higher levels of interleukin-4 (IL-4) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) compared with those from the MHFc nanovaccine. In mice, MHFm nanovaccine provided complete cross-protection against lethal H1N1 and H3N2 SIV challenge, while MHFc nanovaccine offered partial cross-protection. This study provides a potential strategy for designing and developing cross-protective vaccines against H1N1 and H3N2 SIVs.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.