ArticleBMC cardiovascular disorders2026
Triglyceride-glucose index and reduced kidney function in hypertensive Nigerian adults: independent association within the cardio-renal continuum.
Article in BMC cardiovascular disorders, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundReduced kidney function is a major contributor to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality worldwide, particularly among individuals with hypertension. The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index, a surrogate marker of insulin resistance, has been associated with renal dysfunction in multiple populations; however, data from Sub-Saharan Africa remain limited. We examined the association between the TyG index and reduced kidney function among hypertensive Nigerian adults.
methodsIn this cross-sectional study, 1,470 consecutively presenting hypertensive adults aged ≥ 18 years at a cardiac center in Lagos, Nigeria (2009-2024) were analyzed. Individuals with known diabetes, fasting glucose ≥ 126 mg/dL, pregnancy, acute kidney injury, or incomplete data were excluded. Reduced kidney function was defined as estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) < 60 mL/min/1.73 m² using the CKD-EPI 2021 race-free equation. The TyG index was analyzed as quartiles and as a standardized continuous variable. Multivariable logistic regression models were constructed. Sensitivity analyses included adjustment for HbA1c and exclusion of participants with HbA1c ≥ 6.5%. Restricted cubic spline and receiver operating characteristic analyses were performed. Estimated 10-year cardiovascular risk was calculated using the Framingham Risk Score.
resultsReduced kidney function was present in 36.7% of participants. Compared with the lowest TyG index quartile, individuals in the highest quartile had higher odds of reduced kidney function (fully adjusted OR 3.14; 95% CI 2.25-4.39). Each 1-standard deviation increase in TyG index was associated with higher odds (adjusted OR 1.49; 95% CI 1.31-1.70). The association remained robust after adjustment for HbA1c and exclusion of participants with elevated HbA1c. Restricted cubic spline analysis demonstrated a log-linear relationship (p for non-linearity = 0.43). The TyG index showed modest discrimination (AUC 0.664).
conclusionsHigher TyG index values are independently associated with reduced kidney function in hypertensive Nigerian adults, supporting a graded relationship between metabolic dysfunction and renal impairment. The TyG index may serve as a simple adjunct tool for cardio-renal risk stratification in resource-limited settings.
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