Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42225991›Full record

Trial reportNature medicine2026

Tumor-targeted interferon-α gene therapy for glioblastoma: a phase 1 trial.

Bernhard Gentner, Marica Eoli, Francesca Farina, Matteo Barcella, Alessia Capotondo, Stefania Mazzoleni, Valentina Brambilla, Antonio Francavilla, Mariagrazia Garramone, Matteo G Carrabba and 27 more

Abstract readClinical Trial, Phase IClinical Trial, Phase II
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in Nature medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

37 authors.

Bernhard GentnerSan Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy. bernhard.gentner@chuv.ch.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6024-4718
Marica Eoli *Experimental Neuro-Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy.
Francesca Farina *Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy.
Matteo Barcella *San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.
Alessia CapotondoSan Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.
Stefania MazzoleniGenenta Science, Milan, Italy.
Valentina BrambillaGenenta Science, Milan, Italy.
Antonio FrancavillaGenenta Science, Milan, Italy.
Mariagrazia GarramoneSan Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.
Matteo G CarrabbaHematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7015-4839
Valeria FerlaHematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy.
Alessandro BrunoHematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy.
Giorgia AlvisiSan Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.
Nadia ColtellaSan Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.
Eugenio MontiniSan Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1771-6067
Leila HadadiLudwig Institute for Cancer Research and Department of Oncology, University of Lausanne (UNIL) and Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland.
Charlotte CaptLudwig Institute for Cancer Research and Department of Oncology, University of Lausanne (UNIL) and Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland.
Valeria CuccariniNeuroradiology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy.
Maria Grazia BruzzoneNeuroradiology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy.
Francesco Di MecoDepartment of Neurosurgery, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy.
Federico G LegnaniDepartment of Neurosurgery, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy.
Paolo FerroliDepartment of Neurosurgery, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy.
Francesco AcerbiDepartment of Translational Research and New Technology in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4063-3924
Roberto PalliniDepartment of Neurosurgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
Quintino Giorgio D'AlessandrisDepartment of Neurosurgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
Alessandro OliviDepartment of Neurosurgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
Filippo GagliardiDepartment of Neurosurgery and Gamma Knife Radiosurgery, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy.
Silvia SniderDepartment of Neurosurgery and Gamma Knife Radiosurgery, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy.
Pietro MortiniDepartment of Neurosurgery and Gamma Knife Radiosurgery, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy.
Monica PatanèUnit of Neuropathology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy.
Amleto FiocchiVita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.
Valeria BernoAdvanced Light and Electron Microscopy Bioimaging Center ALEMBIC, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.
Pietro Luigi PolianiPathology Unit, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia Medical School, Brescia, Italy.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5662-8978
Gaetano FinocchiaroNeurology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3583-4040
Carlo RussoGenenta Science, Milan, Italy.
Fabio CiceriHematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0873-0123
Luigi NaldiniSan Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7835-527X

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Glioblastoma (GBM) is an immunologically cold brain tumor with poor outcome, characterized by a myeloid-driven immunosuppressive microenvironment. Here we report an interim analysis of a first-in-human phase 1/2a dose-escalation study evaluating Temferon-a genetically engineered autologous stem cell transplant designed to deliver interferon-α2 by means of myeloid progeny recruited to the GBM TME and locally activate antitumor immunity. Twenty-four newly diagnosed patients with GBM and unmethylated MGMT promoter were treated across eight cohorts following surgical resection and radiotherapy, testing Temferon doses ranging from 0.5 × 10

Indexed as

Brain NeoplasmsGenetic TherapyGlioblastomaInterferon-alphaAdultAgedDNA Modification MethylasesDNA Repair EnzymesFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedQuality of LifeTransplantation, AutologousTransplantation ConditioningTumor Suppressor ProteinsDNA Modification MethylasesDNA Repair EnzymesInterferon-alphaMGMT protein, humanTumor Suppressor Proteins

Identifiers

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.