Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42225976›Full record

ArticleNature chemistry2026

Cation-directed assembly and sequential functionalization enable superprotonic polyanion-organic frameworks for high-power fuel cells.

Qixin Zhao, Bo Li, Dhruv Menon, Chunmei Zhu, Mohammad Reza Alizadeh Kiapi, Xu Chen, De-Liang Long, Jianfeng Liu, Zhou Xiao, Dongsheng Yang and 3 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature chemistry, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Nanostructured Ion Conductor Design for Highly Efficient Ion Transport.Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2026
    Review
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Qixin Zhao *State Key Laboratory of Advanced Fiber Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, P. R. China.
Bo Li *Key Lab of Polyoxometalate and Reticular Material Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, P. R. China.
Dhruv Menon *The Adsorption & Advanced Materials Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering & Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6264-8660
Chunmei Zhu *State Key Laboratory of Advanced Fiber Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, P. R. China.
Mohammad Reza Alizadeh KiapiThe Adsorption & Advanced Materials Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering & Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
Xu ChenThe Adsorption & Advanced Materials Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering & Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7793-036X
De-Liang LongSchool of Chemistry, The University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3241-2379
Jianfeng LiuBSD Instrument Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd, Beijing, P. R. China.
Zhou XiaoState Key Laboratory of Advanced Fiber Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, P. R. China.
Dongsheng YangState Key Laboratory of Advanced Fiber Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, P. R. China.
David Fairen-JimenezThe Adsorption & Advanced Materials Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering & Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK. df334@cam.ac.uk.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5013-1194
Hong-Ying ZangKey Lab of Polyoxometalate and Reticular Material Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, P. R. China. zanghy100@nenu.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8148-0303
Weimin XuanState Key Laboratory of Advanced Fiber Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, P. R. China. weiminxuan@dhu.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0288-1633

Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China) 21901038National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China) 92161111RCUK | Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) EP/S009000/1RCUK | Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) ESPSRC EP/S022953/1
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Proton-exchange membranes are critical for high-performance fuel cells, yet simultaneous enhancement of their power density and operational stability remains challenging. Here we introduce a supramolecular engineering approach for constructing polyoxometalate-organic frameworks through precise integration of trigonal-shaped cationic tectons and polyoxometalate anions. Size-matched anchoring of polyoxometalates via directional C-H···anion hydrogen bonds-enabled by shape-persistent tectons-creates ordered one-dimensional channels lined with imidazolium groups. Post-synthetic modification with sulfonate groups enabled our frameworks to achieve high proton conductivity, with proton transport governed by channel-selective hydration, percolated hydrogen-bond networks and host-guest interactions under confinement. The porous ionic structure and flexible hybrid nature of these frameworks provide exceptional solution processability and compatibility with polymer matrices. Integration into Nafion resins dramatically enhances the proton conductivity and chemical stability of the resulting hybrid membranes, as well as enhancing the peak power density and current density over commercial Nafion. This strategy provides a promising blueprint for developing fillers in proton-exchange membrane design to advance fuel cells towards decarbonization targets.

Identifiers

PMID42225976
PMCPMC13323076

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.