Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42225304›Full record

Trial reportDiabetes, obesity & metabolism2026

Acute GIP and GLP-1 Administration Exerts Differential Metabolic Effects in Totally Pancreatectomised Individuals.

Liva S L Krogh, Maja B Hansen, Natasha C Bergmann, Carsten P Hansen, Bolette Hartmann, Jens J Holst, Filip K Knop, Asger B Lund, Lærke S Gasbjerg

Registry-linked trialAbstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in Diabetes, obesity & metabolism, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06895408 (Separate and Combined Extrapancreatic Effects of Glucose-dependent Insulinotropic Polypeptide), which is not on this map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT06895408 nacompletednot on this map

Separate and Combined Extrapancreatic Effects of Glucose-dependent Insulinotropic Polypeptide (GIP) and Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 (GLP-1)

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniversity Hospital, Gentofte, CopenhagenRan2025 to 2025Enrolled12ConditionsPancreatectomy, HyperglycemiaArmsIntravenous Infusion
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Trial
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Liva S L KroghCenter for Clinical Metabolic Research, Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark.ORCID 0009-0003-0815-1380
Maja B HansenCenter for Clinical Metabolic Research, Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark.
Natasha C BergmannCenter for Clinical Metabolic Research, Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark.
Carsten P HansenDepartment of Surgery and Transplantation, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Bolette HartmannDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Jens J HolstDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.ORCID 0000-0001-6853-3805
Filip K KnopCenter for Clinical Metabolic Research, Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark.
Asger B LundCenter for Clinical Metabolic Research, Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark.
Lærke S GasbjergCenter for Clinical Metabolic Research, Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark.ORCID 0000-0002-7880-8515

Funding

Aase og Ejnar Danielsens FondEuropean Foundation for the Study of Diabetes
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimsWhile being recognised for stimulating pancreatic insulin secretion, GIP and GLP-1 exert various extrapancreatic effects relevant in the context of incretin-based therapies. Here, we evaluated the extrapancreatic effects of GIP and GLP-1, separately and combined, on postprandial physiology in totally pancreatectomised individuals. MATERIALS AND

methodsIn a randomised double-blind design, 12 totally pancreatectomised individuals (five women, age: [mean ± SD] 58.8 ± 13.9 years; BMI: 24.7 ± 5.1 kg/m

resultsCompared to placebo, GLP-1 infusion reduced postprandial glucose excursions by 45% ± 48% (p = 0.005) and gastric emptying rate by 29% ± 36%, assessed by acetaminophen absorption (p = 0.05), whereas the effects of GIP were similar to placebo. During GIP+GLP-1 co-infusion, ad libitum food intake was 31% ± 22% lower compared to placebo (p = 0.018) but similar to GLP-1 infusion. Compared to placebo, infusion of GIP increased heart rate by 10 ± 5.9 bpm (p = 0.004), decreased diastolic blood pressure by 9.1 ± 5.4 bpm (p = 0.002), and inhibited postprandial bone resorption assessed by carboxy-terminal collagen crosslinks by 65% ± 35% (p = 0.003), whereas GLP-1 infusion did not affect bone resorption markers.

conclusionPhysiological actions of GIP and GLP-1 were preserved in totally pancreatectomised individuals, demonstrating independency of endogenous pancreatic factors.

trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov: NCT06895408.

Indexed as

Gastric Inhibitory PolypeptideGlucagon-Like Peptide 1IncretinsPancreatectomyAgedBlood GlucoseDouble-Blind MethodFemaleGastric EmptyingHumansInfusions, IntravenousInsulinMaleMiddle AgedPancreasPostprandial PeriodBlood GlucoseGastric Inhibitory PolypeptideGlucagon-Like Peptide 1IncretinsInsulinglucagon‐like peptide 1glucose‐dependent insulinotropic polypeptideincretin hormonespancreatogenic diabetestotal pancreatectomy

Identifiers

PMID42225304
PMCPMC13341357

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.