Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42224077›Full record

ArticleSTAR protocols2026

Protocol to generate microglia-containing cerebral organoids to model HIV neuroinflammation.

Janet P Zayas, David Gagliardi, Stephanie Gambut, Sam Acors, Nathalia Almeida, Michael H Malim, Luis Apolonia, Lena Al-Harthi, Srinivas D Narasipura, João I Mamede

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in STAR protocols, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Janet P ZayasDepartment of Microbial Pathogens and Immunity, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
David GagliardiDepartment of Microbial Pathogens and Immunity, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
Stephanie GambutDepartment of Microbial Pathogens and Immunity, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
Sam AcorsDepartment of Infectious Diseases, School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, England.
Nathalia AlmeidaDepartment of Infectious Diseases, School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, England.
Michael H MalimDepartment of Infectious Diseases, School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, England.
Luis ApoloniaDepartment of Infectious Diseases, School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, England; Centre for Gene Therapy & Regenerative Medicine, School of Basic & Medical Biosciences, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, England.
Lena Al-HarthiDepartment of Microbial Pathogens and Immunity, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
Srinivas D NarasipuraDepartment of Microbial Pathogens and Immunity, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA. Electronic address: srinivasa_narasipura@rush.edu.
João I MamedeDepartment of Microbial Pathogens and Immunity, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA. Electronic address: joao_mamede@rush.edu.

Funding

Molecular Pathways of Innate Immunity and Substance Abuse in NeuroHIVR33DA058348 · NIDA · RUSH UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER · PI Joao I. Mamede · 2025 to 2026
$1.5M
Role Of Innate Immunity to NeuroHIV in the cART EraR01MH139377 · NIMH · RUSH UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER · PI Joao I. Mamede · 2025 to 2026
$1.3M
NIDA NIH HHS R33 DA058348NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH139377
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Cerebral organoids (COs) are valuable for studying neurodegenerative diseases and pathogens, but their limited microglia pose challenges. Here, we present a protocol to generate organoids with physiologically relevant microglia (CO-iMs). We describe steps for differentiating induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) into mesoderm, seeding embryoid bodies (EBs), and harvesting hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs). We detail procedures for co-culturing HPCs and iPSCs to generate CO-iMs, followed by their infection and treatment. The model provides a platform to study viral infections and neuroinflammation. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Narasipura et al.

Indexed as

HIV InfectionsMicrogliaNeuroinflammatory DiseasesOrganoidsAnimalsCell Culture TechniquesCell DifferentiationCoculture TechniquesHematopoietic Stem CellsHumansInduced Pluripotent Stem CellsBiotechnology and bioengineeringMicrobiologyOrganoidsStem Cells

Identifiers

PMID42224077
PMCPMC13241891

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.