Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42223800›Full record

ArticleDiscover mental health2026

A cross-sectional study exploring mental health literacy among non-athlete personnel in elite-level road cycling.

Alexander Smith, Juan Graña, Norman Bitterlich, Jill Colangelo, Xavier Bigard, Ana Buadze, Michael Liebrenz

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Article in Discover mental health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Alexander SmithDepartment of Forensic Psychiatry, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland. alexander.smith@unibe.ch.
Juan GrañaDepartment of Forensic Psychiatry, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
Norman BitterlichDepartment of Forensic Psychiatry, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
Jill ColangeloDepartment of Forensic Psychiatry, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
Xavier BigardUnion Cycliste Internationale, Aigle, Switzerland.
Ana Buadze *Psychiatric University Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Michael Liebrenz *Department of Forensic Psychiatry, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundElite-level athletes, including professional road cyclists, may be vulnerable to psychiatric disorders, yet help-seeking and care pathways are often impeded by stigma and budgetary constraints. Although sports psychiatry is a growing subdiscipline, mental health initiatives in elite-level road cycling remain limited, possibly leaving coaches and non-athlete personnel ill-equipped to support affected athletes and staff. Consequently, understanding mental health literacy levels among these stakeholders could help identify knowledge gaps and shape future interventions.

methodsThis study explored mental health literacy in non-athlete stakeholders (leadership, management, medical, support, and technical personnel) from men's and women's elite-level road cycling teams, including Union Cycliste Internationale WorldTeams, ProTeams, and national teams. An online survey collected self-reported demographic data, bespoke items on general mental health awareness, and responses to the validated 35-item Mental Health Literacy Scale (MHLS), which assesses six literacy dimensions.

resultsn = 181 participants (75.1% male/24.3% female/0.6% undisclosed) reported lower mental health literacy (M: 122.80 ± 12.50) than sporting and general population benchmarks. While 97.2% acknowledged the importance of mental health for performance and wellbeing, approximately one-quarter (n = 47) felt inadequately informed, and nearly a third (n = 59) reported limited support in their teams. Variations were observed across demographic and role-related variables, warranting further investigation.

conclusionsMental health literacy among non-athlete stakeholders in elite-level cycling appeared comparatively lower than in other sports, underpinned by knowledge gaps. However, participants consistently supported educational initiatives, potentially reinforcing the importance of tailored schemes to address existing shortcomings and promote healthier, more sustainable competitive environments.

Indexed as

Athlete mental healthElite-level road cyclingMen’s cyclingMental health literacySports psychiatryWomen’s cycling

Identifiers

PMID42223800
PMCPMC13438431

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LicenceCC BY
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.