ArticleEnvironmental entomology2026
Foliar and bark-surface arthropod communities of pinyon and juniper trees vary with host tree species and long-term site climatic context.
Article in Environmental entomology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Pinyon-Juniper (PJ) woodlands are critical arid habitats that host diverse biotic communities. We examined tree-arthropod relationships across elevational gradients in northern Arizona, comparing foliar and trunk communities on the 2 dominant tree species, pinyon and juniper. Understanding these dynamics is vital for climate-change adaptation and biodiversity management. Using trunk-refugia traps and sweep-netting, we sampled arthropods on trunks and foliage of both hosts and tested how host tree, elevation, and precipitation structured assemblages. We hypothesized (i) trunk and foliar communities would be compositionally distinct; (ii) communities would differ between pinyon and juniper because of host-specific taxa rather than dominance by a single tree species; and (iii) peaks in foliar diversity would occur where cooler, wetter conditions coincided (mid-elevation sites). The study confirmed distinct foliar and trunk communities and strong, taxon-specific host-tree effects. Juniper foliage supported higher foliar richness and diversity in both years, whereas pinyon trunks supported higher arthropod abundance and several trunk-associated taxa. Pinyons and junipers therefore supported unique trunk and foliar assemblages, contradicting previous studies on ground arthropods. We observed host-specific preferences, with spiders, leafhoppers, and parasitoid wasps more common on juniper foliage, while mites were more abundant in pinyon foliage. Climate associations were year- and taxon-specific: precipitation and elevation structured foliar richness in 2019 but were weaker in 2020. Our findings show that host-tree identity was the more consistent predictor in this dataset, whereas elevation and precipitation proxies captured site-level associations with long-term climatic context rather than year-specific weather, providing a spatial baseline for future monitoring under vegetation and climate change.
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