ArticleEmergency medicine international2026
ICD-Related Emergencies in Prehospital Care: A Descriptive Survey of Self-Reported Experience and Equipment Availability Among Polish Paramedics.
Article in Emergency medicine international, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- ICD-Related Emergencies in Prehospital Care: A Descriptive Survey of Self-Reported Experience and Equipment Availability Among Polish Paramedics.Emergency medicine international · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: The number of patients with implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs) is steadily increasing, making encounters with ICD-related emergencies more frequent in prehospital care. Paramedics are often the first healthcare professionals to manage these situations; however, data on their exposure to ICD-related emergencies and access to appropriate equipment remain limited. This study aimed to describe Polish paramedics' self-reported experience with ICD-related emergencies and the availability of ICD deactivation magnets in prehospital settings. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional survey was conducted among Polish paramedics between April and November 2024 using an anonymous online questionnaire. The survey assessed demographic and professional characteristics, self-reported exposure to ICD-related emergencies, perceived familiarity with selected ICD-related concepts, and access to ICD deactivation magnets. Data were analyzed descriptively, with exploratory subgroup analyses performed for selected variables. Results: A total of 340 paramedics participated in the survey. Most respondents reported having assisted patients experiencing ICD discharges, including during cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Self-reported familiarity with ICD-related terminology and ECG features varied across items. Only 7.93% of respondents reported access to an ICD deactivation magnet in their ambulance, most often self-provided rather than officially supplied. Greater professional experience was associated with more frequently reported exposure to ICD-related emergencies. Conclusions: Our study suggests that ICD-related emergencies are commonly encountered in prehospital practice, while access to ICD deactivation magnets remains limited. The findings reflect self-reported experience and perceived familiarity rather than objectively assessed competence and highlight potential system-level considerations for prehospital emergency care.
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Registered trials
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