Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42221656›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in public health2026

Musculoskeletal discomfort associated with special operations uniform use in elite police officers: a cross-sectional study.

Camila B B Silva, Paulo Vinicios C Zovico, Geanderson S Oliveira, Pedro F C Fortes Junior, Matheus Florindo de Deus, Michell V Viana, Valentina Bullo, Marco Bergamin, Stefano Gobbo, Roberta L Rica and 1 more

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Article in Frontiers in public health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Camila B B SilvaExperimental Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Physical Education Sport Center, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitoria, Espirito Santo, Brazil.
Paulo Vinicios C ZovicoExperimental Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Physical Education Sport Center, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitoria, Espirito Santo, Brazil.
Geanderson S OliveiraExperimental Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Physical Education Sport Center, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitoria, Espirito Santo, Brazil.
Pedro F C Fortes JuniorExperimental Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Physical Education Sport Center, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitoria, Espirito Santo, Brazil.
Matheus Florindo de DeusExperimental Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Physical Education Sport Center, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitoria, Espirito Santo, Brazil.
Michell V VianaExperimental Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Physical Education Sport Center, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitoria, Espirito Santo, Brazil.
Valentina BulloDepartment of Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
Marco BergaminDepartment of Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
Stefano GobboDepartment of Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
Roberta L RicaFaculty of Physical Education, University Center Estacio Vitoria, Vitoria, Espirito Santo, Brazil.
Danilo Sales BocaliniExperimental Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Physical Education Sport Center, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitoria, Espirito Santo, Brazil.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Personal protective equipment (PPE) and operational gear are mandatory for tactical police duties. However, due to their physical weight and load burden, they can promote musculoskeletal discomfort (MD). Objective: The study aimed to investigate MD among police officers from a special operations company (SOC), with and without the use of a special operations uniform (SOU). Methods: A total of 42 police officers from the special operations company voluntarily participated in this study. MD was assessed using a standardized body diagram under two conditions: With and without the SOU. The instrument divided the body into 27 regions and provided each participant with a discomfort index on a scale ranging from 1 to 5. In addition, physical activity levels and anthropometric characteristics were measured and correlated with overall discomfort and service time. Results: The overall mean age was 37.10 ± 6.05 years, with a body mass index (BMI) of 28.20 ± 3.60 kg/m Conclusion: The use of the tactical police uniform causes muscle discomfort among police officers from a special operations company.

Indexed as

Musculoskeletal PainOccupational DiseasesPoliceProtective ClothingAdultCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansMaleMiddle Agedoperational performanceperformancepolicingpublic securitysecurity

Identifiers

PMID42221656
PMCPMC13217292

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.