Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42221418›Full record

ArticleArchives of clinical and medical case reports2026

Evidence-Based Interventions for Functional Restoration and Pain Management following Traumatic Brain Injury.

Sugeeth Kandikattu, Manas Aavula, David Parvizi, Devendra K Agrawal

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Archives of clinical and medical case reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Sugeeth KandikattuDepartment of Translational Research, College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, California 91766 USA.
Manas AavulaDepartment of Translational Research, College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, California 91766 USA.
David ParviziDepartment of Translational Research, College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, California 91766 USA.
Devendra K AgrawalDepartment of Translational Research, College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, California 91766 USA.

Funding

Research Education Program to Promote Diversity in Immunologic and Allergic DiseasesR25AI179582 · NIAID · WESTERN UNIVERSITY OF HEALTH SCIENCES · PI Devendra K. Agrawal · 2025 to 2026
$756k
NIAID NIH HHS R25 AI179582
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Traumatic brain injury is a major cause of death and long-term disability worldwide and can lead to persistent functional impairment and chronic pain that significantly impact quality of life. Patients with traumatic brain injury commonly experience motor deficits, impaired balance and coordination, cognitive dysfunction, and behavioral changes. Chronic pain, particularly post-traumatic headaches and musculoskeletal pain, is also frequently reported and can limit participation in rehabilitation and daily activities. This narrative literature review summarizes current evidence on the epidemiology, pathophysiology, and clinical course of traumatic brain injury, with a focus on functional restoration and pain management. Existing research supports the use of multidisciplinary rehabilitation approaches that incorporate physical therapy, occupational therapy, cognitive rehabilitation, and structured exercise to improve recovery and independence. In addition, both pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic pain management strategies play an important role in addressing chronic symptoms and supporting rehabilitation efforts. Overall, early recognition of functional deficits and integrated rehabilitation strategies are essential for improving long-term outcomes and quality of life in patients with traumatic brain injury.

Indexed as

Chronic painCognitive rehabilitationConcussionFunctional impairmentNeurorehabilitationPain managementPhysical therapyRehabilitationTraumatic brain injury

Identifiers

PMID42221418
PMCPMC13220921

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.