Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42221210›Full record

ArticleOrthopaedic journal of sports medicine2026

Quantifying Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury Resilience: A Screening and Composite Score Framework.

Kirsten Seagers, Krithika Swaminathan, Julie Kolesar, Sam Hamner, Julie Muccini, Jennifer Hicks, Gregory Myer, Trevor Hastie, Scott Delp

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Orthopaedic journal of sports medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Kirsten SeagersDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1632-5611
Krithika SwaminathanDepartment of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7570-1408
Julie KolesarDepartment of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9863-6194
Sam HamnerDepartment of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0465-4285
Julie MucciniDepartment of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6118-4999
Jennifer HicksDepartment of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2516-9334
Gregory MyerDepartment of Orthopaedics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9983-8422
Trevor HastieDepartment of Statistics, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0164-3142
Scott DelpDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Over 1.4 million anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries occur worldwide each year, but studies suggest that they may be preventable through targeted screening and training. Biomechanical factors from squatting, jumping, cutting, and running have been associated with ACL injury risk; however, current movement assessments are lengthy, limiting adoption and compliance. There is no consensus on which activities best assess modifiable biomechanical risk factors. Purpose: (1) To identify an optimal set of activities that explain an athlete's full-body, 3-dimensional biomechanical risk factors for ACL injury and (2) to build a framework to determine an individual's ACL injury resilience (AIR) score. Study Design: Descriptive laboratory study. Methods: The authors recruited adolescent female athletes who played soccer, basketball, or volleyball as their primary sport and had no history of injury. Data collection included 3-dimensional motion capture and ground-reaction forces during 5 common ACL injury risk screening activities and the computation of 35 biomechanical risk factors. Column subset selection identified the set of activities that best reconstructed the biomechanical factors from left-out activities. This activity set, with biomechanical thresholds from prospective studies of ACL injuries, was used to build the AIR score framework. The AIR score and the subscores for the trunk, hip, knee, and foot ranked participant biomechanical resilience. Statistical significance was evaluated at α = .050. Results: Twenty-seven females were included in this study (mean ± SD; age, 15.7 ± 1.2 years; body mass index, 22.19 ± 3.58 kg/m Conclusion: The AIR screen and score provided a robust methodological and statistical framework that could be updated as future studies identify and characterize new biomechanical risk factors in larger cohorts. Clinical Relevance: The authors' proposed screening provided an individualized evaluation of ACL injury resilience from just 2 activities, using an objective assessment of 3-dimensional movement. The AIR score framework identified athletes with vulnerable whole-body movement patterns, along with subscores that could be targeted with exercise interventions.

Indexed as

anterior cruciate ligamentbiomechanical risk factorsinjury preventioninjury screening assessment

Identifiers

PMID42221210
PMCPMC13219899

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.