Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42221036›Full record

ArticleClinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.)2026

Influence of Anti-VEGF Injections on Longitudinal Changes in Vascular Metrics Measured by OCTA in Age Related Macular Degeneration: A Retrospective Real-World Study.

Ying Zhu, Selin S Gumustop, Leiyu Wang, Aurora Tong, Xinyi Ding, Ioanna Ploumi, Francesco Romano, Chong Chen, Kayla N Nodecker, Shivesh H Shah and 8 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

18 authors.

Ying Zhu *Harvard Retinal Imaging Lab, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Selin S Gumustop *Harvard Retinal Imaging Lab, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.ORCID 0009-0002-9607-9288
Leiyu WangHarvard Retinal Imaging Lab, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Aurora TongHarvard Retinal Imaging Lab, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Xinyi DingHarvard Retinal Imaging Lab, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Ioanna PloumiHarvard Retinal Imaging Lab, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-8475-3170
Francesco RomanoHarvard Retinal Imaging Lab, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Chong ChenHarvard Retinal Imaging Lab, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-8625-5367
Kayla N NodeckerHarvard Retinal Imaging Lab, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Shivesh H ShahHarvard Retinal Imaging Lab, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Sarah L WagnerHarvard Retinal Imaging Lab, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Demetrios G VavvasRetina Service, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Deeba HusainRetina Service, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-8494-0950
Joan W MillerRetina Service, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Nimesh A PatelRetina Service, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Leo A KimRetina Service, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-9106-6416
David M WuRetina Service, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
John B MillerHarvard Retinal Imaging Lab, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-0109-9738

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Purpose: To investigate the possible influence of repeated anti-VEGF injections on vascular metrics measured by optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) in patients with age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Methods: This retrospective longitudinal study included AMD patients with a follow-up time of at least 18 months from 2019 to 2024. Swept-source OCTA was performed on all eyes. Based on whether an eye received injections or not during follow-up, all eyes were divided into two groups (non-injection group only included non-exudative AMD). Vessel density, Vessel skeleton density in the superficial, deep, and retina slab, as well as foveal avascular zone (FAZ) size, circularity and perimetry of Angio 6mm×6mm were calculated. Change in vascular metrics between baseline and last follow-up were compared between the two groups using Results: A total of 164 eyes from 107 patients were included. The average follow-up time was 34 months. No statistically significant difference in baseline vascular metrics was detected between the injection group (57 eyes) and non-injection (107 eyes) group. The injection group received 12.56 injections during follow-up. Among all the parameters, only change in FAZ size during follow-up showed a statistically significant difference between the two groups (0.03 vs. 0.02 mm Conclusion: In this retrospective longitudinal study of 164 eyes, repeated intravitreal anti-VEGF injections were associated with no relevant significant changes in OCTA vascular metrics over time.

Indexed as

age-related macular degenerationanti-VEGFOCTA

Identifiers

PMID42221036
PMCPMC13217431

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.