ArticleWorld journal of clinical pediatrics2026
Linkage of kynurenine pathway metabolites to neuroinflammation in drug-naive children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: A cross-sectional, case-control study.
Article in World journal of clinical pediatrics, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Kynurenine pathway dysregulation in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: Impact on N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors and phasic dopamine maturation.World journal of clinical pediatrics · 2026Review
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5 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundAttention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurobehavioral disorder that causes psychological, social, academic, and occupational impairments. Despite numerous studies, its etiopathogenesis remains incompletely understood.
aimTo compare serum kynurenine pathway (KP) metabolite levels and metabolite ratios between drug-naive children with ADHD and healthy controls.
methodsThe study included 51 drug-naive children with ADHD and 36 age- and gender-matched healthy controls. Serum tryptophan, kynurenine (KYN), kynurenic acid (KYNA), and quinolinic acid (QUIN) levels were measured. Ratios reflecting the activities of KP enzymes, namely KYN/tryptophan, KYNA/KYN, and QUIN/KYN, were measured, and the neurotoxic (QUIN/KYNA) and neuroprotective (KYNA/QUIN) indices were calculated.
resultsCompared with controls, serum KYNA levels and the KYNA/QUIN ratio (neuroprotective index) were significantly lower in the ADHD group, while the QUIN/KYNA ratio (neurotoxic index) was significantly higher (
conclusionThese findings support the hypothesis that neuroinflammatory imbalance in the KP contributes to the pathogenesis of ADHD and highlight the importance of new biomarkers for the development of targeted therapies.
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