Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42220404›Full record

SynthesisFrontiers in psychology2026

"Looking up" linked to feeling down: a meta-analysis of online upward social comparison and psychological maladjustment.

Yuqing Lei, Shirui Hu, Yidan Sun, Lijun Zheng

Abstract readSystematic Review
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Frontiers in psychology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Yuqing LeiFaculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.
Shirui HuFaculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.
Yidan SunSchool of Psychology, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan, China.
Lijun ZhengFaculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Introduction: Social media has become a routine setting for self-evaluation, and upward social comparison with perceived better-off others may be associated with psychological maladjustment. However, the average magnitude of this association across outcome domains and the contextual factors that may moderate it remain unclear. Methods: This meta-analysis synthesized 94 effect sizes from 54 independent samples ( Results: The estimated average correlation between upward social comparison and psychological maladjustment was Discussion: Online upward social comparison is, on average, associated with multiple indicators of poorer psychological functioning, with particularly strong links to social-evaluative negative emotions. These findings highlight the need for future longitudinal and culturally contextualized research on digital comparison processes.

Indexed as

digital distresspsychological maladjustmentsocial-evaluative negative emotionssocial mediaupward social comparison

Identifiers

PMID42220404
PMCPMC13219356

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.