ArticleFrontiers in psychology2026
Initiation and sustenance of Chinese Wushu practice: a structural equation model validation of the multi-theory model.
Article in Frontiers in psychology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background: Wushu is a culturally embedded and skill-intensive physical activity in China with recognized physical and psychosocial benefits. However, participation remains challenged by difficulties in both initiation and long-term sustenance, and phase-specific behavioral explanations in Wushu contexts are still limited. Purpose: This study applied the Multi-Theory Model (MTM) of health behavior change to examine factors associated with recalled initiation experiences and current sustenance of Wushu practice among Chinese practitioners. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted with 349 Wushu practitioners from different provinces and municipalities across China using the Measuring Change in Physical Activity Questionnaire (MCPAQ). Data were analyzed using SPSS 26.0 and AMOS 24.0 through exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses and structural equation modeling to evaluate measurement properties and test hypothesized MTM pathways. Results: The study provided partial support for MTM's phase distinction, with differential predictors for initiation and sustenance, while highlighting context-specific attenuation of selected constructs. For behavioral initiation, changes in the physical environment (β = 0.436, Conclusions: These findings provide partial support for the MTM in the context of Wushu practice while highlighting context-specific variability in construct performance within culturally grounded, skill-dependent activities. Structural accessibility appears central to initiation, whereas emotional and self-regulatory processes are key to sustaining practice, informing phase-appropriate strategies for Wushu promotion and health-oriented interventions.
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