ArticleJournal of oral & facial pain and headache2026
Diagnostic re-evaluation of non-odontogenic orofacial pain after treatment failure: a retrospective case series.
Article in Journal of oral & facial pain and headache, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundOrofacial pain often arises from overlapping odontogenic and non-odontogenic causes, which can lead to misdiagnosis and unnecessary irreversible procedures. Practical guidance on diagnostic re-evaluation in treatment-refractory cases with negative dental findings remain limited.
methodsThis retrospective case series describes six illustrative patients (one man and five women; median age, 74.5 years) selected from referrals for suspected non-odontogenic orofacial pain, based on diagnostic difficulty, treatment refractoriness, and objective negative dental findings. Two oral and maxillofacial surgeons independently re-evaluated each case using the International Classification of Orofacial Pain, the 3rd edition of the International Classification of Headache Disorders, and the Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders.
resultsThe final or most strongly suspected diagnoses included persistent idiopathic dentoalveolar pain, lingual nerve injury, trigeminal neuralgia, trigeminal autonomic cephalalgia, and myofascial pain. The median diagnostic delay was 17 months (interquartile range, 7-96). Initial empiric dental management (
conclusionsIn cases of treatment-refractory orofacial pain with objective negative dental findings, suspending further irreversible interventions and conducting systematic diagnostic re-evaluation may help reduce diagnostic delays and avoid unnecessary procedures.
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