ArticleJournal of clinical nursing2026
Self-Efficacy as a Mediator Between Medication Adherence and Self-Care in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study.
Article in Journal of clinical nursing, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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8 authors.
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Abstract
aimsTo examine the role of self-efficacy in the relationship between medication adherence and self-care behaviours in patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease by describing their levels and exploring the interconnections among these variables.
designMulticenter, cross-sectional.
methodsA total of 452 patients were recruited through consecutive non-probabilistic sampling across nine Italian outpatient Inflammatory Bowel Disease Units. Data were collected using validated tools: the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale-8, the Self-Care Self-Efficacy Scale, and the Self-Care of Chronic Illness Inventory. Descriptive statistics, Pearson correlations, and mediation analyses were performed to explore associations and the mediating role of self-efficacy between medication adherence and self-care behaviours.
resultsParticipants had a mean age of 43.49 years; 50.9% were male, 49.2% had Crohn's disease, and 50.8% had ulcerative colitis. Only 10.2% reported high medication adherence, while most showed medium or low adherence. The mean self-efficacy score was 74.82. Medication adherence was positively associated with self-care maintenance, and self-efficacy statistically accounted for part of this association. Lower levels were observed in self-care monitoring and management behaviours.
conclusionsMedication adherence was positively associated with self-care maintenance, and self-efficacy partially explained this relationship. IMPLICATIONS FOR CLINICAL PRACTICE: Routine assessment of medication adherence and self-efficacy may help identify patients at risk of poor self-care. Interventions aimed at strengthening self-efficacy, such as motivational interviewing, nurse-led counselling, and digital monitoring tools, may improve adherence and self-care maintenance. IMPACT: The study addressed low medication adherence and suboptimal self-care in patients with IBD. Findings support integrating self-efficacy-enhancing strategies into multidisciplinary care to improve adherence and self-care behaviours. PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION: Patients completed validated self-report questionnaires; however, they were not involved in the study design, conduct, analysis, or manuscript preparation.
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