ArticleCommunity dentistry and oral epidemiology2026
Public Dental Expenditure and Dental Visits in Europe and Japan.
Article in Community dentistry and oral epidemiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundDental care is important for oral health, but access to dental services is subject to social inequalities and varies between countries. Despite this, few cross-national studies have examined how public dental expenditure relates to dental service use among older adults. This study aimed to investigate the associations between public dental expenditure and dental visits among older adults using an international comparative design.
methodsData were obtained from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE, Wave 8, 2019), covering 25 European countries and Israel, and the Japanese Gerontological Evaluation Study (JAGES, 2019). The final sample included 48 497 adults aged 65 years or older. The outcome was any dental visit in the past year, while the explanatory variable was country-level annual per capita public dental expenditure on outpatient dental care in 2019 (USD), obtained from the OECD database and adjusted for purchasing power parity. A multilevel modified Poisson regression model was used to estimate prevalence ratios (PRs), accounting for between-country variability. Interaction terms between household income and public dental expenditure were included to examine effect modification.
resultsThe overall dental visit rate was 59.5%, with higher rates among women, those with higher education, and those in higher income groups. Each $10 increase in per capita public dental expenditure at the country level was associated with higher dental visit rates (PR: 1.05, 95% CI: 1.03-1.07). The association was stronger among lower-income groups, suggesting that income-related inequalities in dental visits were smaller in countries with higher public dental expenditure.
conclusionsPublic expenditure on dental care was associated with higher dental visit rates, particularly among low-income groups. These findings suggest that public financing of dental care may help reduce income-related inequalities in dental visits among older adults.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.