ArticleScientific reports2026
Streptococcus-derived CpsA-CpsC fusion protein induces apoptosis in cervical cancer cells through in silico and in vitro methods.
Article in Scientific reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Cervical cancer is a significant cause of cancer-related mortality in women, and the toxicity of conventional anticancer drugs has necessitated the development of novel therapeutic strategies. In the present study, we designed a fusion protein containing CpsA and CpsC proteins encoding capsular polysaccharides in Streptococcus agalactiae and evaluated its potential anticancer activity. Physicochemical properties, 3-dimensional (3D) structure, and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation were analyzed using in silico tools. Then, the recombinant gene was cloned, expressed in a bacterial host, and purified successfully. Finally, the anticancer effects of the CpsA-CpsC fusion protein on cervical cancer cell line (HeLa) were evaluated through MTT, Real-Time PCR, and flow cytometry techniques. Functional assays demonstrated that the CpsA-CpsC fusion protein exerted time- and dose-dependent cytotoxic effects on HeLa cells, with an IC50 value of 68.1 µg/mL at 48 after 48 h of treatment. Flow cytometric analysis using Annexin V/PI staining revealed a significant increase in apoptotic cell populations (17.5%). Furthermore, gene expression analysis revealed marked upregulation of the pro-apoptotic genes, Bax (22.62-fold) and Caspase-3 (22.06-fold), along with a downregulation of the anti-apoptotic gene, Bcl-2 (0.235-fold), supporting apoptosis as a potential mechanism of cell death. These findings suggest that the CpsA-CpsC fusion protein may exert apoptotic effects in cervical cancer cells and provide a basis for further investigation of bacterial-derived components as candidate anticancer agents.
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