ArticleSmall (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)2026
DNA Framework Nucleator-Enabled Intelligent Hydrogel Interfaces on Living Cells.
Article in Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Authors and funding
15 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Engineering intelligent interfaces on living cells is essential for precise cellular manipulation. Here, we developed a DNA framework nucleator (DFN)-guided strategy for the controlled assembly of high-fidelity stimuli-responsive intelligent hydrogel interfaces (HIs) on living cell surfaces. Using a rigid tetrahedral DNA framework as the structural core, DFNs served as stable and ordered nucleation sites on the cell membrane, which directed localized branched hybridization chain reaction to form single-cell HIs. For ATP-responsive HIs, a response efficiency of ∼90.7% was achieved, representing an ∼2.9-fold enhancement over the HIs guided by a flexible double-stranded DNA nucleator (dsDN). Notably, this platform supports the integration of dual-locked and crosstalk-free logic gate function, triggering efficient disassembly exclusively when both ATP and microRNA-122 are present. This AND-gate function yielded a response efficiency of ∼98.5%, outperforming the dsDN-guided control by 4.2-fold, with a background crosstalk below ∼4.0%. These results demonstrate that ordered nucleation is essential for high-fidelity signal processing at cellular interfaces, advancing the field from static encapsulation to dynamic, logic-regulated systems and establishing a versatile platform for next-generation programmable cell-based applications.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.