Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42216022›Full record

ArticleBiomarker research2026

The actively secreted plasma extracellular vesicle troponin (ASPECT) study: circulating troponin in extracellular vesicles across cardiovascular disease cohorts.

Michail Spanos, Priyanka Gokulnath, Aarush Singh, Christopher Azzam, Ronak Wakhlu, Claire Lin, Ana-Chrysa Maravelias, Timothy Oasan, Albree Tower-Rader, Megan Wasfy and 3 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Biomarker research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Michail Spanos *Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Mass General Brigham Heart and Vascular Institute, 185 Cambridge Street, Simches 3, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
Priyanka Gokulnath *Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Mass General Brigham Heart and Vascular Institute, 185 Cambridge Street, Simches 3, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
Aarush SinghCardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Mass General Brigham Heart and Vascular Institute, 185 Cambridge Street, Simches 3, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
Christopher AzzamCardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Mass General Brigham Heart and Vascular Institute, 185 Cambridge Street, Simches 3, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
Ronak WakhluCardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Mass General Brigham Heart and Vascular Institute, 185 Cambridge Street, Simches 3, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
Claire LinDivision of Cardiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Ana-Chrysa MaraveliasCardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Mass General Brigham Heart and Vascular Institute, 185 Cambridge Street, Simches 3, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
Timothy OasanDepartment of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Albree Tower-RaderDivision of Cardiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Megan WasfyDivision of Cardiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Petr JarolimDepartment of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
James L Januzzi *Division of Cardiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Saumya Das *Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Mass General Brigham Heart and Vascular Institute, 185 Cambridge Street, Simches 3, Boston, MA, 02114, USA. sdas@mgh.harvard.edu.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Cardiac troponin is essential for diagnosing myocardial infarction, yet high-sensitivity assays frequently detect troponin elevations in non-ischemic contexts, complicating clinical decision-making. We investigated extracellular vesicle-associated (EV) versus non-vesicular (NEV) troponin in plasma samples from 266 participants across acute and chronic heart failure, type 1 and type 2 MI, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, end-stage kidney disease, healthy individuals, and exercise states. EV troponin was negligible in necrosis-dominant conditions (MI, kidney disease) but constituted up to 40-60% of total troponin in chronic heart failure or hypertrophic cardiomyopathy; in healthy controls and athletes, troponin concentrations were near or below the detection limit, though detectable troponin was predominantly EV-associated. Unlike plasma troponin, EV troponin weakly correlated with natriuretic peptides or renal indices, suggesting a distinct release mechanism linked to chronic stress or physiological processes. These findings highlight the potential for EV troponin to distinguish active, non-necrotic processes from acute injury. Further study may clarify its prognostic utility and refine current diagnostics and risk stratification.

Indexed as

Cardiac biomarkersCardiac troponinExosomesExtracellular vesicles (EVs)Heart failureHypertrophic cardiomyopathyMyocardial infarction

Identifiers

PMID42216022
PMCPMC13330230

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.