ArticleBMC public health2026
Synergistic effects of ambient particulate matter and extreme weather events on arthritis risk: a prospective cohort study.
Article in BMC public health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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6 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundThe role of long-term exposure to a comprehensive panel of particulate matter (PM) size fractions and extreme weather events in the development of incident arthritis remains underexplored. We aimed to evaluate their independent, combined, and interactive effects on arthritis risk in a Chinese middle-aged and older population.
methodsThis prospective study utilized data from two nationally representative cohorts: The China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study and the China Family Panel Studies. A total of 13,147 participants aged ≥ 45 years without baseline arthritis were included. Annual exposures to PM
resultsOver a median follow-up, 1,200 incident arthritis cases occurred. Each 1 µg/m³ increase in PM
conclusionsLong-term exposure to ambient PM (across multiple size fractions) and extreme low-temperature weather are independent and synergistic risk factors for incident arthritis in middle-aged and older Chinese adults. Public health strategies targeting arthritis prevention should adopt an integrated approach addressing both air quality and climate resilience.
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