ArticleBMC gastroenterology2026
Prevalence, microbiological profile, and outcomes of spontaneous bacterial and fungal peritonitis in Egyptian patients with liver cirrhosis.
Article in BMC gastroenterology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundOne of serious side effects of liver cirrhosis is spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP), which is defined by existence of infected ascites without a discernible secondary source of infection. One possible mechanism for development of SBP is microbial translocation.
objectiveTo ascertain prevalence, microbiological profile and outcomes of spontaneous bacterial and fungal peritonitis in Egyptian patients with liver cirrhosis.
methodsThree hundred cirrhotic patients with ascites who were hospitalized for spontaneous peritonitis (SP) participated in cross-sectional research. Laboratory investigations using bacterial and fungal cultures were carried out.
resultsAll participants with diagnosis of SP were included. Their mean age was 59.50 years, and 68.7% of them were men. In addition, 13.7% of subjects had spontaneous fungal peritonitis, whereas 47.3% of participants had SBP. Of SBP cases, 50.7% (n = 72) had gram negative (-ve) bacteria isolated from them, whereas 49.3% (n = 70) had gram positive (+ ve) bacteria. Streptococcus 8.5% (n = 12) was the commenest gram-positive isolate, followed by Staphylococcus aureus 33.8%(n = 48). On the other hand, Klebsiella 29.6% (n = 42) was the commenest gram-negative isolate, followed by Escherichia coli 14.4%(n = 19). The outcome of SBP cases with and without multidrug resistance do not differ significantly. On multivariate analysis, femal (p = 0.013), low ascitic protein level and high ascitic lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) (p = 0.018, p = 0.014) were significant independent predictors for SFP.
conclusionSBP and SFP frequently provide serious life-threatening dangers in cirrhotic patients with ascites. Alertness for SFP is increased with low ascitic protein level and high ascitic LDH.
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