Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42215672›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2026

Neonatal brain structure, cognitively stimulating parenting and behavioural outcomes in preschool children with congenital heart disease and controls.

Barat Gal-Er, Alexandra F Bonthrone, Andrew T M Chew, Sian Wilson, Daniel Cromb, Alexia Egloff, Kuberan Pushparajah, John Simpson, Mirthe E M van der Meijden, Mary A Rutherford and 5 more

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors.

Barat Gal-ErCentre for the Developing Brain, Research Department of Early Life Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, SE1 7EH, London, UK.
Alexandra F BonthroneCentre for the Developing Brain, Research Department of Early Life Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, SE1 7EH, London, UK.
Andrew T M ChewCentre for the Developing Brain, Research Department of Early Life Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, SE1 7EH, London, UK.
Sian WilsonCentre for the Developing Brain, Research Department of Early Life Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, SE1 7EH, London, UK.
Daniel CrombCentre for the Developing Brain, Research Department of Early Life Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, SE1 7EH, London, UK.
Alexia EgloffCentre for the Developing Brain, Research Department of Early Life Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, SE1 7EH, London, UK.
Kuberan PushparajahDepartment of Cardiovascular Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK.
John SimpsonDepartment of Cardiovascular Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK.
Mirthe E M van der MeijdenCentre for the Developing Brain, Research Department of Early Life Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, SE1 7EH, London, UK.
Mary A RutherfordCentre for the Developing Brain, Research Department of Early Life Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, SE1 7EH, London, UK.
Joseph V HajnalCentre for the Developing Brain, Research Department of Early Life Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, SE1 7EH, London, UK.
A David EdwardsCentre for the Developing Brain, Research Department of Early Life Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, SE1 7EH, London, UK.
Jonathan O'MuircheartaighCentre for the Developing Brain, Research Department of Early Life Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, SE1 7EH, London, UK.
Chiara NosartiCentre for the Developing Brain, Research Department of Early Life Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, SE1 7EH, London, UK.
Serena J CounsellCentre for the Developing Brain, Research Department of Early Life Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, SE1 7EH, London, UK. Serena.Counsell@kcl.ac.uk.

Funding

Action Medical Research GN2630British Heart Foundation FS/15/55/31649Medical Research Council MR/V002465/1
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Children with congenital heart disease (CHD) are at increased risk of altered early brain development and neurodevelopmental impairments. Although environmental factors are known to influence neurodevelopmental outcomes, the interplay between neonatal brain structure and the home environment in shaping behavioural outcomes remains unclear. We investigated associations between neonatal structural covariance networks (SCNs), cognitively stimulating parenting, and behavioural outcomes at 4-6 years in 44 preschool children with CHD and 117 controls. Principal component analysis of 19 parent-reported questionnaires identified distinct components of childhood behaviour. Parents completed the cognitively stimulating parenting scale (CSPS) to assess cognitive stimulation at home. Forty SCNs were extracted from Jacobian determinants of neonatal T2-weighted MRI using independent component analysis. In children with CHD, anterior thalamus and cingulum morphometry was associated with empathy in childhood. Higher CSPS scores were associated with fewer neurodevelopmental difficulties in CHD, but not controls. In both groups, CSPS moderated the relationship between superior temporal gyrus morphometry and empathy while, in CHD only, CSPS moderated the relationship between inferior temporal gyrus morphometry and empathy. These findings identify early neurobiological and environmental determinants of behavioural outcomes in children with CHD and highlight the home environment as a modifiable factor in supporting neurodevelopment in this population.

Indexed as

BrainHeart Defects, CongenitalHome EnvironmentNeurodevelopmentParentingCase-Control StudiesChildChild, PreschoolCognitionFemaleHumansMagnetic Resonance ImagingMalebraincongenital heart diseaseMRIneonatalneurodevelopmental outcomesstructural covariance

Identifiers

PMID42215672
PMCPMC13454275

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.