ArticleScientific reports2026
Surface gas hydrates and seep features in the Krishna Godavari Basin, Bay of Bengal.
Article in Scientific reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
The Krishna-Godavari (K-G) Basin along the eastern continental margin of India is characterized by active methane seepage and documented subsurface gas hydrate accumulations; however, constraints on gas hydrate occurring at or near the seafloor remain limited. Here, we present high-resolution acoustic and visual observations from an autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) documenting localized near-seafloor gas hydrate exposure within an asymmetric mound-pockmark complex at ~ 1750 m water depth. Co-registered multibeam bathymetry, High-resolution Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Sonar (HISAS) backscatter, sub-bottom profiles (SBP), RMS amplitude analysis, and optical imagery reveal a white crystalline layer (~ 0.65 m thick) exposed at the sediment-water interface beneath a thin carbonate-cemented crust. Elevated backscatter intensity and enhanced RMS amplitudes coincide with this exposure, while shallow acoustic blanking and fracture-like discontinuities indicate underlying gas-charged sediments and focused methane migration pathways. Phase stability analysis confirms that the present bottom-water pressure-temperature conditions support hydrate stability at or near the seafloor. The integrated observations are consistent with hydrate mound-pockmark system formed through episodic methane flux, shallow hydrate crystallization, localized uplift, partial sealing, and subsequent collapse. These results provide new constraints on near-seafloor gas hydrate occurrence in the K-G Basin and demonstrate the value of high-resolution AUV surveys for resolving small-scale, structurally controlled hydrate systems.
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