The BZR1-GRP5 module regulates leaf growth by altering cell wall metabolism in Flowering Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa ssp. chinensis var. parachinensis).

Wei Su, Xi Ou, Kemin Chen, Shengyi Yao, Jiali Song, Huicong Wang, Houchen Liu, Shiwei Song, Rahat Sharif, Riyuan Chen

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Article in Plant cell reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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10 authors.

Wei SuCollege of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.

Xi OuCollege of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.

Kemin ChenCollege of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.

Shengyi YaoCollege of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.

Jiali SongCollege of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.

Huicong WangCollege of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.

Houchen LiuCollege of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.

Shiwei SongCollege of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.

Rahat SharifCollege of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China. rahatsharif@scau.edu.cn.

Riyuan ChenCollege of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China. rychen@scau.edu.cn.

Funding

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6 · The paper itself

Abstract

key messagePropiconazole reveals a BraBZR1-BraGRP5 transcriptional module that promotes leaf growth via cell expansion in Flowering Chinese cabbage. Flowering Chinese cabbage, also known as Caixin (Brassica rapa ssp. chinensis var. parachinensis), plays a significant and industrial role, particularly in South China. Propiconazole (PCZ), a triazole fungicide, is widely used in leafy vegetable production as a brassinosteroid (BR) biosynthesis inhibitor to improve plant architecture and marketability. However, the molecular mechanism by which PCZ regulates leaf growth in Flowering Chinese cabbage remains poorly understood. Through transcriptome analysis of PCZ-treated plants, we identified a glycine-rich protein 5 (BraGRP5). BraGRP5 expression was highest in cotyledons, leaves, flowers, and siliques, and was induced by BR application. Functional studies demonstrated that BraGRP5 acts as a positive regulator of leaf growth, as overexpression (OE) lines developed larger leaves, while RNA interference (RNAi) and virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) lines had smaller leaves. RNA-seq analysis of BraGRP5-overexpressing lines identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) enriched in hormone signaling and cell wall remodeling pathways. Furthermore, we established that the transcription factor (TF) BRASSINAZOLE-RESISTANT 1 (BraBZR1) directly binds to the BraGRP5 promoter and activates its transcription, forming a BraBZR1-BraGRP5 transcriptional module. Our findings demonstrate that BraGRP5 promotes leaf growth by stimulating cell expansion and define a key BR-mediated regulatory pathway in B. rapa, with PCZ serving as the critical experimental catalyst that enabled the discovery of this novel molecular module.

Indexed as

Brassica rapaCell WallPlant LeavesPlant ProteinsBrassinosteroidsFlowersGene Expression Regulation, PlantPlants, Genetically ModifiedTriazolesBrassinosteroidsPlant ProteinspropiconazoleTriazolesBraBZR1Brassica rapaBrassinosteroidsGlycine-rich protein 5Leaf Growth

Identifiers

PMID42213177

DOI10.1007/s00299-026-03865-y

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