ArticleAnnals of the American Thoracic Society2026
Insurance and Treatment Patterns in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: The Pulmonary Hypertension Association Registry.
Article in Annals of the American Thoracic Society, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
16 authors.
Funding
Abstract
rationalePulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) medications are costly for patients and often subject to insurance-related restrictions that may limit access. The impact of insurance type on PAH treatment has not been studied previously.
objectivesTo examine whether insurance type is associated with PAH medication use, time to initiation of combination therapy, and clinical outcomes.
methodsWe studied a prospective cohort of incident adult patients with PAH enrolled in the Pulmonary Hypertension Association Registry from 2015 to 2025. Insurance type was categorized as private insurance, Medicare, or Medicaid or similar public programs. We evaluated associations between insurance type and PAH medication regimen at the first follow-up visit, time to initiation of combination therapy, emergency department visit and hospitalization rates, and health-related quality of life outcomes using ordinal and logistic regression models and Cox proportional hazard models, as appropriate.
resultsThe study cohort included 1,219 patients, of whom 40.0% had private insurance, 36.8% Medicare, and 23.2% Medicaid or similar programs. After multivariable adjustment, insurance type was not associated with treatment intensity (compared to Medicare, private insurance: OR, 1.15; 95% CI, 0.82-1.62; Medicaid: OR, 1.28; 95% CI, 0.84-1.96). Insurance was also not associated with time to initiation of combination therapy, hospitalization rates, or health-related quality of life. Use of financial assistance programs (non-profit or pharmaceutical company-sponsored) to pay for PAH medications was associated with higher odds of receiving more intensive medication therapy (OR, 1.69; 95% CI, 1.29-2.23) and earlier initiation of combination therapy (HR, 1.54; 95% CI, 1.16-2.04).
conclusionsIn this multicenter cohort of patients treated at accredited pulmonary hypertension centers, patients received similar PAH treatment and had comparable outcomes regardless of insurance type or income. PAH medication assistance program use was associated with earlier combination therapy and more intensive treatment. PRIMARY SOURCE OF
fundingNational Institutes of Health/National Institute of General Medical Sciences (T32 GM075766 [B.E.M.]) and the National Institutes of Health/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (R01 HL173533 [N.A.-N.]).
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.