ReviewOrthopaedic journal of sports medicine2026
Effect of Vitamin D Supplementation on Total Knee Arthroplasty Outcomes: A Systematic Review.
Review in Orthopaedic journal of sports medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
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Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Vitamin D is essential for bone remodeling, muscle function, and immune regulation. Its deficiency is common among patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and has been linked to delayed recovery, higher complication rates, and an increased risk of periprosthetic joint infections (PJIs). However, the impact of perioperative vitamin D supplementation on TKA outcomes remains unclear. Purpose: To evaluate if perioperative vitamin D supplementation would correct hypovitaminosis D; improve early postoperative outcomes, including wound healing, rehabilitation, pain, and fall rates; and reduce the risk of PJIs and revision surgery after TKA. Study Design: Systematic review; Level of evidence, 2. Methods: Following PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines, PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched for articles published up to July 2025. The inclusion criteria encompassed studies having a vitamin D-supplemented arm in the TKA context, while case reports, editorials, and other study designs were excluded. A total of 562 studies were found initially. Data on correction of vitamin D deficiency, functional and patient-reported outcomes, complications, revisions, and infections were independently extracted. Methodological quality was assessed using the ROBINS-I (Risk of Bias in Non-Randomized Studies of Interventions) and RoB 2 (Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool) tools. Results: A total of 11 studies met the inclusion criteria. Among the fragmented evidence, vitamin D supplementation was linked to minimal rehabilitation improvements. It was also associated with lower overall complication and PJI rates but was not significantly associated with changes in pain scores. The considerable heterogeneity in study designs, supplementation protocols, and baseline vitamin D status limited the certainty of findings. Conclusion: Our study demonstrated that perioperative vitamin D supplementation may enhance early recovery and lower complication rates after TKA. However, current evidence is inconsistent and insufficient to support universal supplementation. High-quality randomized trials are needed to establish its clinical efficacy and optimal dosing strategies as well as to refine postoperative recovery protocols and infection prevention strategies.
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