Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42211720›Full record

ArticleCase reports in neurological medicine2026

The Sanctuary Within: Development of CD20+ CNS Lymphoma Despite Peripheral B-Cell Depletion by Rituximab in a Multiple Sclerosis Patient.

Mohammad Hossein Harirchian, Seyed Ehsan Mohammadianinejad, Asghar Bayati, Vahid Soleimani, Zahra Sarvestani, Maryam Kaeedi, Sanaz Heydari Havadaragh

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Case reports in neurological medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Mohammad Hossein HarirchianIranian Center of Neurological Research, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, tums.ac.ir.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1158-8677
Seyed Ehsan MohammadianinejadIranian Center of Neurological Research, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, tums.ac.ir.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7837-7866
Asghar BayatiDepartment of Neurology, School of Medicine, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran, skums.ac.ir.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0492-2825
Vahid SoleimaniDepartment of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, tums.ac.ir.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2926-7502
Zahra SarvestaniIranian Center of Neurological Research, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, tums.ac.ir.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0003-2845-9040
Maryam KaeediIranian Center of Neurological Research, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, tums.ac.ir.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0616-8675
Sanaz Heydari HavadaraghIranian Center of Neurological Research, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, tums.ac.ir.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5546-234X

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Introduction: Patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) are not immune to developing comorbid conditions, including malignant disorders. A new neurologic worsening in a known MS patient, despite being on immunosuppressive or even antineoplastic therapy, could be a malignant condition, other than MS relapse. Case Presentation: We report a middle-aged woman with a known history of MS and under treatment with rituximab from a few years ago, who subsequently developed clinical and imaging features that were not typical for MS relapse, which was pathologically confirmed to be a diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Conclusion: It is important to consider the possibility of superimposed comorbid disorders, especially malignant conditions, in the setting of immunosuppressive therapy in MS patients. Considering red flags is an important task before the diagnosis of MS relapse as an explanation for new neurologic worsening.

Indexed as

comorbid conditionslymphomamultiple sclerosis

Identifiers

PMID42211720
PMCPMC13212263

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.