Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42211446›Full record

ReviewCanadian geriatrics journal : CGJ2026

Augmented Reality for Balance Rehabilitation in Older Persons: A Scoping Review.

Afeef Vehra, Patricia Hewston, Manuela Kunz, George Ioannidis, Sophia Matarazzo, Teshan Dias Desinghe, Noorain Mamdani, Alexandra Papaioannou

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Canadian geriatrics journal : CGJ, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Afeef VehraFaculty of Science, McMaster University, Hamilton.
Patricia HewstonSt Peter's Hospital, Geras Centre for Aging Research, Hamilton.
Manuela KunzSchool of Computing, Queen's University, Kingston.
George IoannidisSt Peter's Hospital, Geras Centre for Aging Research, Hamilton.
Sophia MatarazzoFaculty of Science, McMaster University, Hamilton.
Teshan Dias DesingheSt Peter's Hospital, Geras Centre for Aging Research, Hamilton.
Noorain MamdaniSt Peter's Hospital, Geras Centre for Aging Research, Hamilton.
Alexandra PapaioannouSt Peter's Hospital, Geras Centre for Aging Research, Hamilton.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Falls are a leading cause of injury and loss of independence in older adults. Impaired balance is a modifiable risk factor yet traditional rehabilitation approaches may not fully address balance control. Augmented reality (AR) provides an interactive method to support balance training and fall prevention. This scoping review summarizes key characteristics of AR interventions for balance rehabilitation in older adults, as well as associated outcome measures. Methods: Literature searches were performed across CENTRAL, CINAHL, EMBASE, Medline, PubMed, ScienceDirect, SCOPUS, and Web of Science from inception to July 2024. Using Arksey and O'Malley's framework, we included studies meeting the following criteria: (i) older adults (65+), (ii) AR-based balance rehabilitation, (iii) randomized control trials (RCTs) or observational studies, and (iv) outcomes related to balance, balance confidence, or fear of falling, categorized using the Balance Evaluation Systems Test (BESTest) framework. Two reviewers independently screened and extracted data. Results: Ten studies (six RCTs, four observational) involving 235 participants (ages 64.70-75.8 yrs) met inclusion. AR interventions were delivered 1-5 times/week over 4 to 12 weeks (4-36 total hr), with adherence rates of 83.3% to 100%. The most frequently assessed balance systems were stability in gait (100%) and anticipatory postural adjustments (90%), which improved with AR. Only one study evaluated all balance systems. RCTs showed statistically significant improvements in balance, while observational studies mainly reported associations and trends. Conclusions: This review highlights AR as a complementary tool for fall prevention, supporting tailored interventions across balance domains. Clinicians may find AR useful for engaging older adults in targeted, functional rehabilitation.

Indexed as

augmented realitybalancebalance confidencefear of fallingolder adultsrehabilitation

Identifiers

PMID42211446
PMCPMC13215371

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.