ArticleAlzheimer's & dementia. Behavior & socioeconomics of aging2025
Dose-response and cumulative effects of educational attainment and occupational complexity on mid to late life cognitive performance in Brazil and Mexico.
Article in Alzheimer's & dementia. Behavior & socioeconomics of aging, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
introductionWhile education and occupational complexity have been individually associated with lower odds of cognitive impairment, less is known about the effect of both together on cognition, particularly in Latin America.
methodsThe sample included older adults from Brazil (n=9,914) and Mexico (n=16,172). Linear regression investigated the association of education and occupation with cognitive impairment.
resultsBrazilians had a mean age of 64.0±9.6 years, 50% were women, and 6% were cognitively impaired. Mexicans had a mean age of 62.8±10.3 years, 56% were women, and 7% were cognitively impaired. Across cohorts, participants with increasing levels of education and occupational complexity had lower odds of cognitive impairment compared to participants with low education who had never worked. This dose-response effect was absent in Brazilians with high education who had never worked. Age, income, and private healthcare modified the associations. DISCUSSION: Our results highlight the cumulative benefits of education and occupation on cognition.
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