Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42211341›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in veterinary science2026

Reusable gelatin-based inks for 3D printing of veterinary gabapentin tablets: a sustainable approach.

Alex Taylor, Jarkko Ketolainen, Mattias Paulsson, Jonas Autenrieth, Jonas Lindh, Henrik Rönnberg

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in veterinary science, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Alex Taylor *School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
Jarkko KetolainenSchool of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
Mattias PaulssonDepartment of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
Jonas AutenriethDivision of Molecular Pharmaceutics, Department of Pharmacy, Uppsala Biomedical Center, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
Jonas LindhDivision of Nanotechnology and Functional Materials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
Henrik RönnbergDepartment of Animal Biosciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Gabapentin (GAB), an anticonvulsant, is commonly used in veterinary medicine to manage anxiety, pain, and epilepsy. Although it is widely used, achieving personalized dosing for small animals remains a significant challenge. Three-dimensional printing (3DP), particularly semi-solid extrusion (SSE), has shown promise in producing individualized dosage forms efficiently and with precision. Despite its advantages, SSE is limited by the need to freshly prepare the ink for printing and the extended post-processing times required for curing or solidifying the printed objects. This study investigated for the first time the feasibility of reusing a formulation designed for veterinary patients. The chewable tablets in this study were made using an already available proprietary gelatin-based excipient base, CuraVet®. Two formulations with varying GAB concentrations were printed using the same syringe initially and then again after 14 days of refrigerated storage. The formulation that contained a lower concentration of GAB maintained printability and dosing precision without requiring adjustments to printer settings, enabling the production of chewable tablets in under 30 min with a minimal amount of active work required. In contrast, the higher concentration formulation exhibited crystal formation, indicating instability. This proof-of-concept study demonstrated the feasibility of using reusable gelatin-based inks for on-demand 3D printing of veterinary medicines, highlighting their potential for clinical adoption in veterinary practices and pharmacies, provided that stability is carefully characterized.

Indexed as

3D printinggabapentinreusabilitysemi-solid extrusionsustainabilityveterinary medicine

Identifiers

PMID42211341
PMCPMC13212034

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.