Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42211231›Full record

ArticlePsychology of sexual orientation and gender diversity2026

Changes in sexual identity and family support: A cohort analysis.

André Gonzales Real, Stephen T Russell

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Psychology of sexual orientation and gender diversity, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

André Gonzales RealDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, ON, Canada.
Stephen T RussellT. Denny Sanford School of Social and Family Dynamics, Arizona State University, AZ, USA.

Funding

Identity Stress and Health in Three Cohorts of LGB individualsR01HD078526 · NICHD · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI MEYER, ILAN H · 2014 to 2018
$4.1M
NICHD NIH HHS R01 HD078526
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Family support is critical for the well-being of sexual minority (SM) people. While research has identified that family support is not uniform across SM individuals with different sexual identities, it is unclear whether family support is impacted when individuals change sexual identity. This study explored associations between changes in sexual identity and trajectories of family support among U.S. SM individuals from three age cohorts, and whether these associations were moderated by cohort and directionality of identity change. Data come from a longitudinal study of a national probability sample of SM individuals. Latent Growth Curve Models were conducted to compare trajectories of family support of individuals who changed sexual identity to those who had consistent sexual identities. Multiple-group analysis examined whether these associations differed by cohort membership. Follow-up analyses examined how the direction of identity change influences the associations between changes in sexual identity and family support. Results showed that patterns of stability and change in sexual identity were not equally associated with trajectories of family support across cohort groups. Individuals in the middle cohort who changed sexual identities experienced less family support, especially when they changed from a monosexual to a plurisexual identity. Among individuals from the older cohort, sexual identity change was associated with levels of family support, but the effects were mixed depending on the direction of identity change. Changes in family support followed by changes in sexual identity vary based on age and/or cohort. More studies examining how identity change is associated with trajectories of social support are needed.

Indexed as

family supporthistoric cohortslongitudinal analysissexual identity changesexual minorities

Identifiers

PMID42211231
PMCPMC13215708

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.