ArticleOphthalmic genetics2026
Bilateral bifoveate retina in a human resembling lizard foveal architecture.
Article in Ophthalmic genetics, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
We describe a 45-year-old man with bilateral bifoveate retinas, an exceptionally rare human phenotype. Spectral-domain OCT demonstrated two distinct foveal pits per eye: a deep central fovea and a shallower temporal fovea with grade 1 foveal hypoplasia features. OCT-angiography revealed paired foveal avascular zones bilaterally. Unlike previously reported cases, which were predominantly unilateral and nonfunctional, both temporal foveae in this case show well-developed architecture closely resembling the bifoveate visual system of Anolis lizards. We propose this represents a rare partial failure of the spatial constraints that normally confine CYP26A1-mediated retinoic acid signaling to a single foveal locus in primates.
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