Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42209551›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2026

Human norovirus GII genotypic diversity in Gwangju, South Korea, based on ORF1-ORF2 junction (RdRp-VP1) analysis from 2020 to 2024.

Jeongeun Mun, Sun-Ju Cho, Eunjin Seo, Ji-Eun Lee, Kwang Ho Lee, Jeong Hee Park, Yeong-Un Lee, HyeonJi Kim, Mihee Seo, Gyung-Li Gang and 3 more

Abstract read
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Article in Scientific reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Jeongeun MunDivision of Emerging Infectious Disease, Department of Infectious Disease Research, Health and Environment Research Institute of Gwangju, Gwangju, 61954, Republic of Korea.
Sun-Ju ChoDivision of Emerging Infectious Disease, Department of Infectious Disease Research, Health and Environment Research Institute of Gwangju, Gwangju, 61954, Republic of Korea.
Eunjin SeoDivision of Emerging Infectious Disease, Department of Infectious Disease Research, Health and Environment Research Institute of Gwangju, Gwangju, 61954, Republic of Korea.
Ji-Eun LeeDivision of Emerging Infectious Disease, Department of Infectious Disease Research, Health and Environment Research Institute of Gwangju, Gwangju, 61954, Republic of Korea.
Kwang Ho LeeDivision of Emerging Infectious Disease, Department of Infectious Disease Research, Health and Environment Research Institute of Gwangju, Gwangju, 61954, Republic of Korea.
Jeong Hee ParkDivision of Emerging Infectious Disease, Department of Infectious Disease Research, Health and Environment Research Institute of Gwangju, Gwangju, 61954, Republic of Korea.
Yeong-Un LeeDivision of Emerging Infectious Disease, Department of Infectious Disease Research, Health and Environment Research Institute of Gwangju, Gwangju, 61954, Republic of Korea.
HyeonJi KimDivision of Emerging Infectious Disease, Department of Infectious Disease Research, Health and Environment Research Institute of Gwangju, Gwangju, 61954, Republic of Korea.
Mihee SeoDivision of Emerging Infectious Disease, Department of Infectious Disease Research, Health and Environment Research Institute of Gwangju, Gwangju, 61954, Republic of Korea.
Gyung-Li GangDivision of Emerging Infectious Disease, Department of Infectious Disease Research, Health and Environment Research Institute of Gwangju, Gwangju, 61954, Republic of Korea.
Jung-Mi SeoDivision of Emerging Infectious Disease, Department of Infectious Disease Research, Health and Environment Research Institute of Gwangju, Gwangju, 61954, Republic of Korea.
Jeongjin ParkDivision of Food and Nutrition, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea. pjj8425@hanmail.net.
Woojin JunDivision of Food and Nutrition, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea. wjjun@chonnam.ac.kr.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This study analyzed human norovirus genogroup II (GII) strains detected in Gwangju, South Korea, between 2020 and 2024, focusing on genetic diversity and recombination at the ORF1-ORF2 junction involving the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp, ORF1) and the major capsid protein VP1 (ORF2). Using year-round surveillance-based clinical samples, the analysis revealed that recombination events near the ORF1-ORF2 junction were a major driver of genotype replacement over time. Multiple recombinant lineages, including GII.4[P16], GII.17[P31], GII.3[P25], and the emergent, rarely reported genotype GII.7[P7], were detected during the study period. Although the RdRp gene is relatively conserved, sequence variation accumulating near the ORF1-ORF2 boundary may facilitate the emergence of new recombinant RdRp-VP1 combinations. These findings indicate that gene exchange at the ORF1-ORF2 junction plays a central role in shaping human norovirus genetic diversity.

Indexed as

Caliciviridae InfectionsCapsid ProteinsGenetic VariationNorovirusOpen Reading FramesRNA-Dependent RNA PolymeraseGenotypeHumansPhylogenyRecombination, GeneticRepublic of KoreaCapsid ProteinsRNA-Dependent RNA PolymeraseGenetic diversityGwangjuHuman norovirusORF1–ORF2 junctionRdRpRecombination

Identifiers

PMID42209551
PMCPMC13451207

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.