ArticleESC heart failure2026
Development of atrial fibrillation in patients with heart failure and vice versa: incidence, risk factors, and their impact on survival.
Article in ESC heart failure, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
introductionAtrial fibrillation (AF) and heart failure (HF) frequently coexist, and their combination is associated with poorer outcomes. The bidirectional risk and the impact of which disease develops first on mortality remain unclear.
methodsWe studied 31 374 UK Biobank participants with new-onset AF or HF (2006-22). Multivariable Cox models assessed risk factors, incidence, and mortality risk.
resultsThe risk of developing HF was higher in patients with AF than in those without AF (45.1 vs 3.87 per 1000 person-years; aHR 3.15, 95% CI 3.0-3.31). The risk of developing AF in patients with HF was higher than in those without HF (25.4 vs 2.27 per 1000 person-years; aHR 2.75, 95% CI 2.62-2.90). HF patients had a 31% higher risk of subsequent AF, compared with the risk of AF patients developing HF (P < .05). Mortality risk was substantially higher in patients with both conditions. AF before HF conferred a nearly four-fold increased risk (aHR 3.8, 95% CI 3.5-4.2), while HF before AF more than doubled risk (aHR 2.0, 95% CI 2.1-2.6), compared with either condition alone. Regardless of which disease was diagnosed first, there was no significant difference in mortality risk (aHR 0.95, 95% CI 0.85-1.07).
conclusionsAF and HF strongly predispose to each other, with HF conferring a higher relative risk for incident AF. The coexistence of both diseases substantially increases mortality regardless of which disease developed first, emphasizing the need for strategies to prevent the development of HF in patients with AF and vice versa.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.