Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42206577›Full record

ReviewAdvanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)2026

Nucleic Acid Therapeutics for "Undruggable" Cancer Targets: Mechanisms, Challenges, and Prospects.

Feng Xu, Ke Wang, Kaizhong Lu, Tianlun Hou, Yuan Chen, Xian Wang, Hongchuan Jin

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Feng XuDepartment of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7507-144X
Ke WangDepartment of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P. R. China.
Kaizhong LuDepartment of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China.
Tianlun HouDepartment of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China.
Yuan ChenDepartment of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China.
Xian WangDepartment of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China.
Hongchuan JinDepartment of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China.

Funding

China Postdoctoral Science Foundation 2025M782259
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Despite significant advances in precision oncology, key oncoproteins such as Ras, MYC, and p53 remain historically difficult to drug. Conventional pharmacologic strategies are fundamentally constrained by their dependency on direct interactions with well-defined structural domains, which these targets lack. Nucleic acid therapeutics offer a transformative paradigm to overcome this central limitation by redirecting pharmacological intervention to the mRNA and genomic levels, thereby operating independently of complex protein structures. In this review, we systematically examine the mechanisms of action and translational progress of diverse nucleic acid modalities, including ASOs, siRNAs, miRNAs, aptamers, and mRNA vaccines against these intractable targets. We comprehensively discuss their mechanisms, such as transcript degradation, translational inhibition, and upstream regulatory interference. Furthermore, we critically analyze the primary translational bottlenecks, specifically focusing on delivery efficiency, safety profiling, and scalable manufacturing, while highlighting recent advances in nanocarrier platforms. Finally, we explore future directions enabled by emerging technologies and computational design. Ultimately, this review highlights how nucleic acid therapeutics represent a paradigm shift, enabling precise regulation of "undruggable" cancer targets.

Indexed as

NeoplasmsNucleic AcidsAnimalsHumansMicroRNAsRNA, Small InterferingMicroRNAsNucleic AcidsRNA, Small InterferingMYCNucleic acid therapeuticsp53Rasundruggable targets

Identifiers

PMID42206577
PMCPMC13317694

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.