Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42205942›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of developmental disabilities2026

Are you coping how I'm coping? An exploratory factor analysis of the Brief-COPE among caregivers of children with and without learning disabilities during COVID-19 restrictions in the UK.

Freyja Steindorsdottir, Karen Goodall, Hope Christie, Doug McConachie, Jo Van Herwegen, Carrie Ballantyne, Caroline Richards, Hayley Crawford, Laura Outhwaite, Thomas Gallagher-Mitchell and 3 more

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Article in International journal of developmental disabilities, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Freyja SteindorsdottirDepartment of Health and Clinical Psychology, School of Health in Social Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
Karen GoodallDepartment of Health and Clinical Psychology, School of Health in Social Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
Hope ChristieDepartment of Health and Clinical Psychology, School of Health in Social Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
Doug McConachieDepartment of Health and Clinical Psychology, School of Health in Social Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
Jo Van HerwegenInstitute of Education, University College London, London, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5316-1818
Carrie BallantyneDivision of Psychology, School of Education and Social Science, University of West of Scotland, Ayr, UK.
Caroline RichardsSchool of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
Hayley CrawfordDivision of Health Sciences, Warwick Medical School, Warwick University, Coventry, UK.
Laura OuthwaiteInstitute of Education, University College London, London, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4454-7775
Thomas Gallagher-MitchellDepartment of Psychology, Liverpool Hope University, Liverpool, UK.
Joanna MossSchool of Psychology, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK.
Grace KhawamDepartment of Health and Clinical Psychology, School of Health in Social Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
Karri Gillespie-SmithDepartment of Health and Clinical Psychology, School of Health in Social Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3059-7632

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Objectives: The current study aimed to answer the following questions: (1) What factor structures emerge to responses to the brief coping orientation to problems experienced inventory in a post-pandemic population of caregivers of children under 18 in the UK? (2) What differences, if any, are there in coping between parents of children with and without Learning Disabilities during COVID-19 restrictions? Methods: An exploratory factor analysis was conducted across a sample of parents of children with and without learning disabilities. Following this, differences between responses on each factor were assessed with Mann Whitney Results: The analysis recovered six factors across the whole sample: External support-seeking, emotion-focused disengagement, positive cognitive reframing, substance use, religion, and problem-focused disengagement. These structures are largely in line with previous findings. Significant differences were found between groups on the emotion-focused disengagement factor, with parents of children with learning disabilities scoring significantly higher on measures of self-blame, denial, and one venting item. Conclusions: These findings suggest some consistency in recovered factor structures of the Brief-COPE. Further work exploring the role of emotion-focused disengagement in caregivers of children with Learning Disabilities could provide further insight into what support may need to be made available in this group.

Indexed as

Brief-COPEcaregiverscopingCOVID-19learning disabilitiesmental health

Identifiers

PMID42205942
PMCPMC13202675

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.