ArticleFrontiers in veterinary science2026
Genotoxicity and gene expression modulation associated with the use of DDVP antiparasitic drugs in aquaculture on
Article in Frontiers in veterinary science, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Introduction: Parasites are a significant threat to aquaculture, and the application of various antiparasitic chemicals by aquafarmers is a widely practiced strategy to control them. Few antiparasitic drugs are toxic to hosts at higher concentrations and may be genotoxic to them. Genotoxicity tests have been successfully used as indicators of the toxicity of several drugs and environmental pollutants, including heavy metals. The current study was aimed to assess the toxicity of antiparasitic chemicals or drugs at various levels, with special emphasis on genotoxicity in a Zebrafish model. Methods: Adult zebrafish were acclimatized under laboratory conditions and exposed to graded concentrations of dichlorvos to determine acute toxicity (LC25 and LC50) through a 96 h semi-static bioassay. Based on these values, fish were further subjected to sublethal and lethal concentrations for in vivo assessment at 24, 48, 72, and 96 h intervals. Genotoxicity was evaluated using micronucleus and alkaline comet assays on blood and gill tissues. Gene expression analysis of p53, Cyp1a, and Bcl-2 was performed in gill, liver, and kidney tissues using qRT-PCR after RNA isolation and cDNA synthesis. Data were statistically analyzed by one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's Results: This study investigated the genotoxic potential of dichlorvos in zebrafish using micronucleus and comet assays, along with gene expression analysis of key biomarkers (p53, Cyp1a, and Bcl-2). The 96-hour LC50 and LC25 values of DDVP were determined as 10.6 ppm and 6.78 ppm, respectively. Based on sublethal toxicity, zebrafish ( Conclusion: Overall, dichlorvos exposure induced significant genotoxic effects in zebrafish in a dose- and duration dependent manner. The findings suggest that concentrations below LC25 may be relatively safer for therapeutic use. Further studies are required to check the efficacy of DDVP against different parasites to formulate more specific treatment strategies for sustainable aquaculture practices.
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