ArticleData in brief2026
Environmental DNA (eDNA) dataset of fish diversity and distribution in the coastal waters of Weizhou Island, Beibu Gulf.
Article in Data in brief, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Environmental DNA (eDNA) analysis is an effective method for assessing biodiversity. This technology relies on detecting trace genetic material shed by organisms into their surroundings and has been widely used in ecological research. Abundant marine fish resources can be found in the waters of Weizhou Island, which is part of a unique volcanic island ecosystem in the northern South China Sea. Although previous research has documented the richness of fish species on Weizhou Island, methodological and seasonal limitations have resulted in data from these studies being incomplete. To comprehensively assess the fish biodiversity, we conducted eDNA metabarcoding. Seawater samples were collected from eight locations around Weizhou Island. At each location, three 1 L samples were collected, filtered through 0.45 µm membranes to capture eDNA, and subjected to DNA extraction. The 12S rRNA gene was amplified using MiFish-U primers and sequenced on the Illumina MiSeq platform (2 × 250 bp). This study utilized eDNA technology to conduct the most comprehensive survey to date, thereby identifying 113 fish species belonging to 28 orders, 47 families, and 79 genera. The main fish species detected in this study were
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