Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42205650›Full record

ArticleCureus2026

Effectiveness of Online Vaccine Communication Training and Assessment Using Virtual Encounters With Standardized Vaccine-Hesitant Parents.

Shanna M Barton, Aaron W Calhoun, Carrie A Bohnert, Victoria A Statler, Nicole M Bichir, Michael L Bricken, Jennifer H Tasman, Sara M Multerer, Gary S Marshall

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Cureus, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Shanna M BartonDepartment of Pediatrics, Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Norton Children's Hospital, Louisville, USA.
Aaron W CalhounDepartment of Pediatrics, Critical Care Medicine, Norton Children's Hospital, Louisville, USA.
Carrie A BohnertStandardized Patient Program, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, USA.
Victoria A StatlerDepartment of Pediatrics, Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Norton Children's Hospital, Louisville, USA.
Nicole M BichirDepartment of Pediatrics, General Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, USA.
Michael L BrickenDepartment of Pediatrics, General Pediatrics Gratis Faculty, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, USA.
Jennifer H TasmanDepartment of Pediatrics, Pediatric Hospital Medicine, Norton Children's Hospital, Louisville, USA.
Sara M MultererDepartment of Pediatrics, Pediatric Hospital Medicine, Norton Children's Hospital, Louisville, USA.
Gary S MarshallDepartment of Pediatrics, Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Norton Children's Hospital, Louisville, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThere are no accepted best practices for counseling vaccine-hesitant parents, and targeted training in this area is not required during residency, despite widespread vaccine hesitancy among parents. To this end, much interest has focused on structured approaches to interacting with vaccine-hesitant parents. The Announce-Inquire-Mirror-Secure (AIMS) Method for Healthy Conversations is one such structured communication strategy that attempts to build trust between provider and parent, opening the door to receptivity to vaccination.

objectiveDetermine if online training in a structured vaccine hesitancy communication strategy results in specific behaviors and increased confidence during telemedicine encounters with standardized patients (SPs).  Methods: Pediatrics and medicine-pediatric residents were randomized to receive either AIMS or control training online. Residents underwent pre- and post-training telemedicine encounters with SPs simulating a well-child immunization visit. Encounters were video-recorded and assessed using the Vaccine Hesitancy Communication Assessment (VHCA). Resident confidence and SP evaluations of the encounter were assessed pre- and post-training. Investigators, residents, SPs, and video raters were blinded to treatment allocation.

resultsFrom December 2020 to June 2021, a total of 54 of 58 (93%) eligible residents were enrolled in the study; 51 (94%) completed the study per-protocol, and 47 (92%) of these had evaluable video files. Resident self-confidence improved in both groups. AIMS behaviors were more commonly detected in AIMS than in control-trained residents. SP assessment of resident communication skills did not differ between groups.

conclusionsVaccine hesitancy communication training and assessment using SPs can be successful when implemented entirely in a virtual environment. Confidence gains were seen in both the AIMS and control arms, suggesting that this outcome resulted from the SP encounter itself. Similar online training and simulation programs could prove valuable as residents enter practice and the use of telemedicine expands.

Indexed as

online trainingstandardized patientsstructured communicationvaccine hesitancyvirtual encounters

Identifiers

PMID42205650
PMCPMC13207148

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.