ArticleCancer informatics2026
Hesperidin Inhibits Proliferation and Metastasis of Human Breast Cancer Cells by Suppressing MMP-2/9 Activity and Reversing Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition.
Article in Cancer informatics, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Objectives: To investigate the mechanism by which Hesperidin (Hsp) inhibits the proliferation and metastasis of the triple-negative breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231. Methods: The effect of Hsp on cell viability was analyzed using the MTT assay. The anti-migration and anti-invasion abilities of Hesperidin were evaluated using the scratch test and Transwell migration assay. The activity of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-2/MMP-9 was analyzed using gelatin zymography. The expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related proteins (Vimentin, Snail, ZO-1) was detected by Western blot. Results: Low concentrations of Hsp (2-10 μmol/L) showed no significant cytotoxicity; 20-40 μmol/L significantly reduced cell survival rate (p<0.01). The scratch test showed that Hsp inhibited wound healing in a concentration-dependent manner. The Transwell migration assay showed that the number of migrating cells decreased with increasing Hsp concentration. Gelatin zymography results indicated that MMP-2/MMP-9 activity decreased with increasing Hsp concentration. Western blotting results showed that Hsp downregulated the metastasis-related proteins Vimentin and Snail and upregulated the adhesion protein ZO-1. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that Hsp inhibits tumor cell invasion and metastasis by potentially reducing MMP-2/MMP-9 hydrolase activity, blocking extracellular matrix degradation, and reversing the EMT process (downregulating Vimentin/Snail and upregulating ZO-1). Hsp may represent a promising candidate for adjuvant therapy in breast cancer.
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