Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42204867›Full record

ArticleAlzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association2026

Do white matter hyperintensities account for the relationship between discrimination and memory?

Robrielle M Pierce, Kiana A Scambray, Jordan D Palms, Monica Walters, Ketlyne Sol, Noah Green, Sanaa Stough Lacking, Mohamad Alshiko, Adam Brickman, Laura B Zahodne

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Robrielle M PierceDepartment of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
Kiana A ScambrayDepartment of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
Jordan D PalmsDepartment of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
Monica WaltersDepartment of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
Ketlyne SolComprehensive Center for Brain Health, Department of Neurology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA.
Noah GreenDepartment of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
Sanaa Stough LackingDepartment of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
Mohamad AlshikoThe Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging brain, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA.
Adam BrickmanThe Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging brain, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA.
Laura B ZahodneDepartment of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.

Funding

Research Education CoreP30AG024824 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI Lona Mody, RAYMOND L YUNG · 2004 to 2026
$29.2M
Statistical Data EnclaveP30AG012846 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI VICKI A. FREEDMAN · 1999 to 2026
$23.2M
Michigan Alzheimer's Disease Core CenterP30AG053760 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI LIEBERMAN, ANDREW P · 2016 to 2020
$10.1M
Mechanisms of inequalities in ADRD risk across race and place in the Michigan Cognitive Aging ProjectR01AG082307 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI Laura B Zahodne · 2023 to 2026
$3.8M
A National Neighborhood Data Resource to Understand the Health and Socioeconomic Impacts of the 2020 Pandemic in the United StatesU01NR020556 · NINR · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI Philippa Clarke, Grace A Noppert · 2022 to 2026
$3.2M
Risk and resilience mechanisms underlying race disparities in ADRD: An examination of neighborhood resources, social networks, brain integrity, and cognitionK01AG073588 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI SOL, KETLYNE · 2021 to 2025
$637k
Multilevel Biopsychosocial Stress Mechanisms Underlying Racial Disparities in ADRD RiskF31AG077758 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI MORRIS, EMILY P. · 2022 to 2023
$74k
Alzheimer's Association AARFD-22-970207National Institute of Nursing Research and the National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities U01NR020556National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship Program DGE-2241144NIA NIH HHS AARFD-22-970207NIA NIH HHS F31 AG077758NIA NIH HHS F31AG077758NIA NIH HHS K01 AG073588NIA NIH HHS K01AG073588NIA NIH HHS P30 AG012846NIA NIH HHS P30AG012846NIA NIH HHS P30 AG024824NIA NIH HHS P30AG024824NIA NIH HHS P30 AG053760NIA NIH HHS P30AG053760NIA NIH HHS R01 AG082307NIA NIH HHS R01AG082307NINR NIH HHS U01 NR020556
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionRacial discrimination (RD) relates to poorer memory, but underlying mechanisms are unclear.

methodsParticipants included 321 Black adults age 55+ from the Michigan Cognitive Aging Project. RD was operationalized with the Major Experiences of Lifetime Discrimination scale. Subjective memory was measured with the Memory Functioning Questionnaire. Episodic memory was a composite of list learning, story memory, and visual memory tests. White matter hyperintensities (WMHs) were quantified from T2 fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) images. Mediation models examined whether WMHs mediate the associations of racial discrimination on subjective and objective memory.

resultsMore RD was associated with higher WMH volume. In turn, higher WMH volume was associated with worse objective, but not subjective, memory. Independent of WMH, more RD was associated with worse subjective, but not objective, memory. DISCUSSION: RD is an important intervention target to improve cognitive health equity and reduce WMH burden. RD may influence objective memory through vascular and/or inflammatory mechanisms.

Indexed as

MemoryRacismWhite MatterAgedBlack or African AmericanFemaleHumansMagnetic Resonance ImagingMaleMemory, EpisodicMiddle AgedNeuropsychological Testscognitionepisodic memoryhealth disparitiesolder adultssubjective memorywhite matter hyperintensities

Identifiers

PMID42204867
PMCPMC13239163

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.